Arch Suicide Res. 2020 Oct-Dec;24(4):568-588. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2019.1649224. Epub 2019 Sep 17.
This study aimed to evaluate direct and indirect effects of the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the behavioral activation system (BAS) on depression and current suicidal ideation through rumination and self-reflection in a sample of suicide attempters. Three hundred suicide attempters completed the Rumination/Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ), the Carver and White BIS/BAS scales, the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Results revealed that the BAS and BIS had direct effects on suicidal ideation but not depression. Low BAS had an indirect effect on depression through decreased self-reflection. High BIS had an indirect effect on depression via increased rumination. Low BAS and high BIS had indirect effects on suicidal ideation through decreased self-reflection. The findings suggest that low BAS and high BIS may be associated with depression and suicidal ideation in suicide attempters who have decreased self-reflection and increased rumination. Also, increasing self-reflection and reducing rumination as respectively adaptive and maladaptive self-focused attention strategies may prohibit depression and suicidal ideation.
本研究旨在评估行为抑制系统（BIS）和行为激活系统（BAS）通过反刍和自我反省对抑郁和当前自杀意念的直接和间接影响，研究对象为自杀未遂者。300 名自杀未遂者完成了反刍/反思问卷（RRQ）、Carver 和 White 的 BIS/BAS 量表、贝克自杀意念量表（BSSI）和贝克抑郁量表-第二版（BDI-II）。结果表明，BAS 和 BIS 对自杀意念有直接影响，但对抑郁没有影响。低 BAS 通过减少自我反省对抑郁有间接影响。高 BIS 通过增加反刍对抑郁有间接影响。低 BAS 和高 BIS 通过减少自我反省对自杀意念有间接影响。研究结果表明，低 BAS 和高 BIS 可能与自杀未遂者的抑郁和自杀意念有关，这些自杀未遂者的自我反省减少，反刍增加。此外，增加自我反省和减少反刍作为分别适应性和不适应性的自我关注策略，可能会阻止抑郁和自杀意念的发生。
