Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Major of Food and Nutrition, School of Human Ecology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018 Nov;28(11):1122-1132. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.06.007. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The association of low-carbohydrate diet with weight loss and the risk of cardiovascular diseases has recently been the focus of increasing research attention. However, studies on low-carbohydrate diet in the Asian population are limited. The present study was aimed to examine the association between low-carbohydrate diet and metabolic syndrome among Korean adults.
A total of 16,349 participants aged 30 years or older who participated in a 24-h dietary recall survey of the fifth and sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in this study. Low-carbohydrate diet was evaluated using the low-carbohydrate-diet score, which was calculated based on the percentage of energy from carbohydrate, protein, and fat by sex. The association between the low-carbohydrate-diet score and metabolic syndrome was analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis. A low-carbohydrate diet was not associated with metabolic syndrome and its components such as waist circumference, blood pressure, and triglyceride levels. However, women in the highest decile of the animal- or plant-based low-carbohydrate-diet score showed a decreased risk of reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels, and men in the highest decile of the animal-based low-carbohydrate-diet score showed a decreased risk of reduced HDL-cholesterol levels than those in the lowest decile of the low-carbohydrate-diet score.
These findings indicate that, in Korea, a low-carbohydrate diet did not increase the risk of metabolic syndrome among adults who typically consume a high-carbohydrate low-fat diet. However, it may moderately decrease the risk of reduced HDL-cholesterol levels.
低碳水化合物饮食与体重减轻和心血管疾病风险的关联最近引起了越来越多的研究关注。然而，亚洲人群中关于低碳水化合物饮食的研究有限。本研究旨在探讨韩国成年人低碳水化合物饮食与代谢综合征之间的关系。
本研究共纳入了 16349 名年龄在 30 岁及以上、参加了第五和第六次韩国国家健康和营养检查调查 24 小时膳食回忆调查的参与者。低碳水化合物饮食通过基于男女碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪能量百分比的低碳水化合物饮食评分来评估。使用多因素 logistic 回归分析来分析低碳水化合物饮食评分与代谢综合征之间的关系。低碳水化合物饮食与代谢综合征及其组分（如腰围、血压和甘油三酯水平）之间没有关联。然而，动物源或植物源低碳水化合物饮食评分最高十分位数的女性高密度脂蛋白（HDL）-胆固醇水平降低的风险降低，而动物源低碳水化合物饮食评分最高十分位数的男性 HDL-胆固醇水平降低的风险也低于低碳水化合物饮食评分最低十分位数的男性。
这些发现表明，在韩国，典型的高碳水化合物、低脂肪饮食的成年人中，低碳水化合物饮食不会增加代谢综合征的风险。然而，它可能适度降低 HDL-胆固醇水平降低的风险。
