Harder Lisbeth, Oster Henrik
Institut für Neurobiologie, Universität zu Lübeck, Deutschland.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2019 Aug;144(15):1014-1017. doi: 10.1055/a-0662-1950. Epub 2019 Jul 26.
The increased disruption of natural daily rhythms in modern societies interferes with the temporal coordination of physiological processes in the body. The resulting internal desynchronization favors the development of a range of diseases - including metabolic disorders such as obstipation, obesity, and type-2 diabetes.
The combination of chronodisruption and insomnia impairs the sensitivity and efficiency of the immune defense. Vice versa, a stabilization of the circadian system can confer an increased resilience against many pathogens.
In recent years the field of chronobiology has developed from a basic science to a highly translational discipline. Besides classical chronotherapy, i. e. a temporally optimized drug scheduling, stabilization of the circadian system - by behavioral interventions or chronobiologicals - offers several novel targets for prevention and therapy of many widespread diseases.
现代社会中自然日常节律受到的干扰增加，这会干扰身体生理过程的时间协调。由此产生的内部不同步有利于一系列疾病的发展，包括便秘、肥胖和2型糖尿病等代谢紊乱疾病。
昼夜节律紊乱和失眠相结合会损害免疫防御的敏感性和效率。反之，昼夜节律系统的稳定可以增强对许多病原体的抵抗力。
近年来，生物钟学领域已从一门基础科学发展成为一门高度转化的学科。除了经典的时间疗法，即时间优化的药物给药方案外，通过行为干预或生物钟学手段稳定昼夜节律系统，为预防和治疗许多常见疾病提供了几个新的靶点。
