Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan.
Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Microbiol Spectr. 2019 Jul 26;7(4). doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0024-2018.
The pathogenesis of clostridial myonecrosis or gas gangrene involves an interruption to the blood supply to the infected tissues, often via a traumatic wound, anaerobic growth of the infecting clostridial cells, the production of extracellular toxins, and toxin-mediated cell and tissue damage. This review focuses on host-pathogen interactions in -mediated and -mediated myonecrosis. The major toxins involved are α-toxin, which has phospholipase C and sphingomyelinase activity, and α-toxin, a β-pore-forming toxin that belongs to the aerolysin family. Although these toxins are cytotoxic, their effects on host cells are quite complex, with a range of intracellular cell signaling pathways induced by their action on host cell membranes.
梭菌肌坏死或气性坏疽的发病机制涉及受感染组织的血液供应中断，通常是通过创伤性伤口、感染梭菌细胞的厌氧生长、细胞外毒素的产生以及毒素介导的细胞和组织损伤。本综述重点介绍介导和介导的肌坏死中的宿主-病原体相互作用。涉及的主要毒素是 α-毒素，它具有磷脂酶 C 和神经鞘磷脂酶活性，以及 α-毒素，一种属于 aerolysin 家族的 β-孔形成毒素。尽管这些毒素具有细胞毒性，但它们对宿主细胞的作用非常复杂，其对宿主细胞膜的作用会诱导一系列细胞内信号通路。
