Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
The Maschhoffs LLC, Carlyle, IL.
J Anim Sci. 2019 Sep 3;97(9):3669-3683. doi: 10.1093/jas/skz247.
Swine industry breeding goals are mostly directed towards meat quality and carcass traits due to their high economic value. Yet, studies on meat quality and carcass traits including both phenotypic and genotypic information remain limited, particularly in commercial crossbred swine. The objectives of this study were to estimate the heritabilities for different carcass composition traits and meat quality traits and to estimate the genetic and phenotypic correlations between meat quality, carcass composition, and growth traits in 2 large commercial swine populations: The Maschhoffs LLC (TML) and Smithfield Premium Genetics (SPG), using genotypes and phenotypes data. The TML data set consists of 1,254 crossbred pigs genotyped with 60K SNP chip and phenotyped for meat quality, carcass composition, and growth traits. The SPG population included over 35,000 crossbred pigs phenotyped for meat quality, carcass composition, and growth traits. For TML data sets, the model included fixed effects of dam line, contemporary group (CG), gender, as well as random additive genetic effect and pen nested within CG. For the SPG data set, fixed effects included parity, gender, and CG, as well as random additive genetic effect and harvest group. Analyses were conducted using BLUPF90 suite of programs. Univariate and bivariate analyses were implemented to estimate heritabilities and correlations among traits. Primal yield traits were uniquely created in this study. Heritabilities [high posterior density interval] of meat quality traits ranged from 0.08 [0.03, 0.16] for pH and 0.08 [0.03, 0.1] for Minolta b* to 0.27 [0.22, 0.32] for marbling score, except intramuscular fat with the highest estimate of 0.52 [0.40, 0.62]. Heritabilities of primal yield traits were higher than that of primal weight traits and ranged from 0.17 [0.13, 0.25] for butt yield to 0.45 [0.36, 0.55] for ham yield. The genetic correlations of meat quality and carcass composition traits with growth traits ranged from moderate to high in both directions. High genetic correlations were observed for male and female for all traits except pH. The genetic parameter estimates of this study indicate that a multitrait approach should be considered for selection programs aimed at meat quality and carcass composition in commercial swine populations.
生猪产业的养殖目标主要集中在肉质和胴体特性上，因为这些特性具有很高的经济价值。然而，有关肉质和胴体特性的研究，包括表型和基因型信息仍然有限，特别是在商业杂交猪中。本研究的目的是估计两个大型商业生猪群体（Maschhoffs LLC（TML）和 Smithfield Premium Genetics（SPG））中不同胴体组成特性和肉质特性的遗传力，并估计肉质、胴体组成和生长特性之间的遗传和表型相关性，使用基因型和表型数据。TML 数据集由 1254 头杂交猪组成，这些猪使用 60K SNP 芯片进行基因分型，并对肉质、胴体组成和生长特性进行表型分析。SPG 群体包括超过 35000 头杂交猪，对肉质、胴体组成和生长特性进行表型分析。对于 TML 数据集，模型包括母系、当代群体（CG）、性别以及随机加性遗传效应和 CG 内的猪圈的固定效应。对于 SPG 数据集，固定效应包括胎次、性别和 CG，以及随机加性遗传效应和收获组。使用 BLUPF90 程序套件进行分析。进行单变量和双变量分析以估计性状之间的遗传力和相关性。本研究中独特地创建了初产产量性状。肉质性状的遗传力[高后验密度区间]范围从 0.08[0.03，0.16]的 pH 值和 0.08[0.03，0.1]的 Minolta b*到 0.27[0.22，0.32]的大理石花纹评分，除了最高估计值为 0.52[0.40，0.62]的肌内脂肪。初产产量性状的遗传力高于初产体重性状，范围从臀部产量的 0.17[0.13，0.25]到火腿产量的 0.45[0.36，0.55]。肉质和胴体组成性状与生长性状之间的遗传相关性在两个方向上均为中等至高度。除 pH 值外，所有性状的雄性和雌性之间均观察到高遗传相关性。本研究的遗传参数估计表明，在商业生猪群体中，针对肉质和胴体组成的选择计划应考虑多性状方法。
