Stanley H R, Alattar M, Collett W K, Stringfellow H R, Spiegel E H
Department Oral Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
J Oral Pathol. 1988 Mar;17(3):113-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.1988.tb01896.x.
An NIH conference on "Removal of Third Molars" debated the need for removal of asymptomatic impacted teeth with no evidence of pathology but stressed the need for long-range studies. The assumption is that "neglected" impacted third molars (ITMs) will sometime cause serious pathology. Examination of panoramic radiographs of 11,598 patients revealed 1,756 patients with 3,702 impacted teeth; average age 47 years, and an average retention period approximately 27 years. Dentigerous cystic changes occurred in about 30 ITMs (0.81%), internal resorption in 16 (0.43%), periodontal ligament damage and bone loss distal to the 2nd molar 166 times (4.48%), and pressure resorption of the 2nd molar 113 times (3.05%). No great surge in pathology occurred with increasing age. Some type of pathological change can be expected eventually in approximately 12.0% of an impacted 3rd molar population and 1.82% of the general population. A reappraisal of routine removal of ITMs might be indicated.
美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）召开了一场关于“拔除第三磨牙”的会议，会上讨论了拔除无病理证据的无症状阻生牙的必要性，但强调了进行长期研究的必要性。有一种假设认为，“被忽视”的阻生第三磨牙（ITM）迟早会引发严重病变。对11598名患者的全景X光片进行检查后发现，有1756名患者共存在3702颗阻生牙；患者平均年龄为47岁，平均阻生时间约为27年。含牙囊肿样改变发生在约30颗ITM上（0.81%），内部吸收发生在16颗上（0.43%），第二磨牙远中牙周膜损伤和骨质流失出现166次（4.48%），第二磨牙受压吸收出现113次（3.05%）。随着年龄增长，病变并未大幅增加。在大约12.0%的阻生第三磨牙人群和约1.82%的普通人群中，最终可能会出现某种类型的病理变化。或许有必要重新评估常规拔除ITM的做法。
