Pinto Ana Catarina, Francisco Helena, Marques Duarte, Martins Jorge N R, Caramês João
Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal.
Implantology Institute, 1070-064 Lisbon, Portugal.
J Clin Med. 2024 Dec 11;13(24):7533. doi: 10.3390/jcm13247533.
Impacted teeth are a common phenomenon, in both young and adult populations, as extensively documented in the literature. This study aims to systematically assess the global prevalence of impacted third molars and to analyze their demographic predictors. The present review adheres to PRISMA guidelines and includes studies published until December 2023. Three databases (MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane) were searched, and studies reporting prevalence rates and demographic predictors of impacted third molars were selected for analysis. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model to calculate pooled prevalence and assess demographic variations. This review yielded 98 studies involving 183,828 subjects. The pooled prevalence of impacted third molars was 36.9% [95% CI: 33.1-40.7%] per subject and 46.4% [95% CI: 36.7-56.1%] per tooth, with the highest rates in Asia (43.1% [95% CI: 34.6-51.7%]) and the lowest in Europe (24.5% [95% CI: 16.1-33.9%]). An odds ratio of 1.173 [95% CI: 1.021-1.347%] indicated a slightly higher likelihood of third molar impaction among women compared to men, and mandibular third molar impaction was more frequent than maxillary impaction. The meta-regression indicated insufficient consistency for the geographic area to be considered a source of heterogeneity in the prevalence of impacted third molars. The present meta-analysis highlights the substantial prevalence of impacted third molars worldwide and underscores the influence of demographic predictors. These findings may inform region-specific clinical guidelines and preventive approaches for managing impacted third molars.
阻生牙是一种常见现象，在青少年和成人中均有发生，文献对此有广泛记载。本研究旨在系统评估全球第三磨牙阻生的患病率，并分析其人口统计学预测因素。本综述遵循PRISMA指南，纳入截至2023年12月发表的研究。检索了三个数据库（MEDLINE、LILACS、Cochrane），并选择报告第三磨牙阻生患病率和人口统计学预测因素的研究进行分析。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，以计算合并患病率并评估人口统计学差异。本综述共纳入98项研究，涉及183,828名受试者。第三磨牙阻生的合并患病率为每人36.9%[95%CI：33.1 - 40.7%]，每颗牙46.4%[95%CI：36.7 - 56.1%]，亚洲患病率最高（43.1%[95%CI：34.6 - 51.7%]），欧洲最低（24.5%[95%CI：16.1 - 33.9%]）。优势比为1.173[95%CI：1.021 - 1.347%]表明，女性第三磨牙阻生的可能性略高于男性，下颌第三磨牙阻生比上颌更常见。荟萃回归表明，地理区域作为第三磨牙阻生患病率异质性来源的一致性不足。本荟萃分析突出了全球第三磨牙阻生的高患病率，并强调了人口统计学预测因素的影响。这些发现可为管理第三磨牙阻生的特定区域临床指南和预防方法提供参考。
