School of Education, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019 Dec;29(12):1980-1987. doi: 10.1111/sms.13527. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
Motor assessments generally produce a single motor competence score based on the general motor ability hypothesis, which states that motor competence is a one-dimensional trait underlying a wide range of motor skills. Yet, it is unclear whether the general motor ability hypothesis holds true in middle childhood, which is marked by an increased participation in sports and other types of physical activity. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the structure of motor competence in middle childhood using a test battery with a large item set.
A cross-sectional design was used to collect motor competence data of 2538 children aged 6-11 years. Participants completed the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2nd Edition Short Form (BOT-2 SF), which consists of 14 skill items and covers different motor domains. In accordance with the BOT-2 SF manual, point scores were computed for each item. Polytomous Rasch analyses (ie, general partial credit model) were carried out to investigate the construct of motor competence.
Rasch analyses revealed different items with unordered threshold parameters, due to ceiling effects. However, after empirically rescaling the category width for each item, follow-up analyses revealed a one-dimensional structure with 12 items.
The study provides some evidence of a one-dimensional construct (ie, motor competence) underlying motor assessment in middle childhood. Continued efforts should be made to ensure that valid composite scores are used in motor assessment and to better understand the development of motor competence across childhood and into adolescence and adulthood.
运动能力评估通常基于一般运动能力假说得出一个单一的运动能力得分，该假说指出运动能力是一种潜在广泛运动技能的一维特质。然而，在儿童中期，一般运动能力假说是否成立尚不清楚，这一时期的特点是参与体育运动和其他类型的体育活动增加。因此，本研究旨在使用具有大量项目集的测试组合评估儿童中期运动能力的结构。
采用横断面设计，收集了 2538 名 6-11 岁儿童的运动能力数据。参与者完成了 Bruininks-Oseretsky 运动能力测试-第二版短式（BOT-2 SF），该测试包含 14 项技能项目，涵盖了不同的运动领域。根据 BOT-2 SF 手册，为每个项目计算了得分点。进行了多项式 Rasch 分析（即一般部分信用模型），以研究运动能力的结构。
Rasch 分析显示，由于天花板效应，不同项目具有无序的阈值参数。然而，在对每个项目的类别宽度进行经验重标后，后续分析显示出具有 12 个项目的一维结构。
本研究为儿童中期运动评估的一维结构（即运动能力）提供了一些证据。应继续努力确保在运动评估中使用有效的综合得分，并更好地了解儿童期、青春期和成年期运动能力的发展。
