Zhao Y Q, Cong W M
Department of Pathology, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China.
Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2019 Jul 20;27(7):491-493. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2019.07.004.
The occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a multistep development process through precancerous lesions. A precancerous lesion of HCC is classified into hepatocyte dysplasia at the cytological level and dysplastic nodules at the histological level, and the corresponding lesion subtypes have different risks of canceration. Pathology is the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of early stage HCC and its precancerous lesions. However, it also faces many difficulties and challenges, such as the accumulation of experience in the pathological diagnosis, the understanding and grasp of key points of histopathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis, the combination application of immune and molecular diagnostic markers, and many others. This article briefly discusses the key points of pathological features and differential diagnosis of precancerous lesions of HCC.
肝细胞癌（HCC）的发生是一个通过癌前病变的多步骤发展过程。HCC的癌前病变在细胞学水平上分为肝细胞发育异常，在组织学水平上分为发育异常结节，并且相应的病变亚型具有不同的癌变风险。病理学是早期HCC及其癌前病变诊断的“金标准”。然而，它也面临许多困难和挑战，例如病理诊断经验的积累、组织病理学诊断及鉴别诊断关键点的理解和掌握、免疫和分子诊断标志物的联合应用等等。本文简要讨论了HCC癌前病变的病理特征及鉴别诊断要点。
