Department of Public Health Officer, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Jul 29;19(1):1015. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7345-5.
Lack of exclusive breastfeeding is the most important risk factor for infant and young child morbidity and mortality. A better understanding of the factors that influence EBF is important in order to promote appropriate infant feeding practices. The return to work due to short maternity leave time may hinder employed mothers from breastfeeding their infants exclusively for the recommended six months duration.
A community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2016 in the Fafan zone, of the Somali Regional State, of Ethiopia. A total of 558 mothers with infants from ages 3-5 months, living in the five districts (Jigjiga city, Kebribeyah town, Aubere town, Bombas town and Babile) were included in the analysis. Logistic regression models were used to examine the effect of maternal employment on EBF practice.
This study has demonstrated a 24.8 and 82.9% prevalence of EBF practices among employed and unemployed mothers of index infants of 3-5 months respectively in the 24 h preceding the survey. Unemployed mothers were accounted for thusly: [Adjusted OR = 26.5; 95% CI (13.6, 51.6). Other adjustments included monthly income of 500-2000 birr [Adjusted OR = 2.7; 95% CI (1.4, 5.2)]; monthly income of 2001-3500 birr [Adjusted OR = 2.2; 95% CI (1.2, 4.0)]; timely initiation of breastfeeding [Adjusted OR = 2.6; 95% CI (1.4, 4.8)]; maternal education (secondary and higher) [Adjusted OR = 3.8; 95% CI (1.5, 9.5)]; having an index infant aged 3 months [Adjusted OR = 2.2; 95% CI (1.2, 4.1)], and having an index infant aged 4 months [Adjusted OR = 2.2; 95% CI (1.2, 3.8)] were found to be significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding practice.
Exclusive breastfeeding practices were very low among mothers employed in governmental and non-governmental organizations in the study area. Therefore, maternal employment may be hindering Exclusive breastfeeding practices. Thus, establishing breastfeeding-friendly working environment; and Information, Education and Communication programs should be provided, particularly for working mothers to promote exclusive breastfeeding practices.
缺乏纯母乳喂养是婴儿和幼儿发病率和死亡率的最重要危险因素。为了促进适当的婴儿喂养方式，更好地了解影响纯母乳喂养的因素非常重要。由于产假时间短，返回工作岗位可能会阻碍在职母亲为婴儿提供建议的 6 个月纯母乳喂养。
本研究于 2016 年 1 月至 2 月在埃塞俄比亚索马里州法凡区进行了一项基于社区的对比性横断面研究。总共纳入了 558 名年龄在 3-5 个月之间的婴儿母亲，她们居住在五个地区（吉吉加市、克比雷亚镇、奥贝尔镇、邦巴斯镇和巴比尔镇）。使用逻辑回归模型来检查母亲就业对纯母乳喂养实践的影响。
这项研究表明，在调查前 24 小时，3-5 个月大的指数婴儿的就业和未就业母亲中，纯母乳喂养的比例分别为 24.8%和 82.9%。未就业母亲的情况如下：[调整后的比值比（OR）=26.5；95%可信区间（CI）（13.6，51.6）]。其他调整包括每月收入 500-2000 比尔[调整后的 OR=2.7；95%CI（1.4，5.2）]；每月收入 2001-3500 比尔[调整后的 OR=2.2；95%CI（1.2，4.0）]；及时开始母乳喂养[调整后的 OR=2.6；95%CI（1.4，4.8）]；母亲教育（中学及以上）[调整后的 OR=3.8；95%CI（1.5，9.5）]；指数婴儿 3 个月[调整后的 OR=2.2；95%CI（1.2，4.1）]；指数婴儿 4 个月[调整后的 OR=2.2；95%CI（1.2，3.8）]与纯母乳喂养实践显著相关。
在研究地区，政府和非政府组织就业的母亲中，纯母乳喂养的做法非常低。因此，母亲就业可能会阻碍纯母乳喂养实践。因此，应建立母乳喂养友好型工作环境；并提供信息、教育和宣传方案，特别是为在职母亲提供，以促进纯母乳喂养实践。
