评估医学生对糖尿病前期和糖尿病预防的知识掌握情况。
An assessment of medical students' knowledge of prediabetes and diabetes prevention.
机构信息
Improving Health Outcome, American Medical Association, 330 N. Wabash Avenue, Suite 39300, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2019 Jul 29;19(1):285. doi: 10.1186/s12909-019-1721-9.
BACKGROUND
The United States has 84 million adults with prediabetes, putting them at a higher risk than the general population for developing type 2 diabetes. Missed opportunities among primary care providers in diagnosing and managing patients with prediabetes represent a gap in care, suggesting there is a need to educate practicing physicians and medical students about diabetes prevention. The purpose of this study is to assess medical students' basic knowledge of prediabetes and diabetes prevention, identify potential educational needs, and target areas for improvement in undergraduate medical education curricula.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study to assess medical students' preclinical and clinical management knowledge of prediabetes and diabetes prevention. Medical students attending the 2016 American Medical Association's annual meeting took a 6-item knowledge questionnaire using a mobile application or a paper version. Scores were reported for the full sample of respondents, by year in medical school, by topic area, and by mode of survey response.
RESULTS
The average student answered fewer than half of the questionnaire questions correctly. Scores on some items addressing preclinical content were higher among third- and fourth-year students compared to first- and second-year students (p = 0.039 and effect size = 0.363). Average scores on the items addressing clinical management were not significantly different by year in medical school, but the item measuring effectiveness of metformin to a lifestyle change program had 41.9% correct answers among the mobile application respondents compared to 21.5% among paper test respondents (p = 0.003 and effect size = 0.463).
CONCLUSIONS
Medical student performance on the prediabetes knowledge questionnaire was low. Students' year in medical school had a slight impact on overall performance, but only for certain questions. The results suggest the need for improvements in current medical school curricula for increasing the awareness of screening for prediabetes as well as the benefits of the lifestyle change programs in the National Diabetes Prevention Program.
背景
美国有 8400 万成年人患有前期糖尿病，使他们比普通人群更容易发展为 2 型糖尿病。初级保健提供者在诊断和管理前期糖尿病患者方面存在错失机会，这表明有必要对执业医生和医学生进行糖尿病预防教育。本研究旨在评估医学生对前期糖尿病和糖尿病预防的基本知识，确定潜在的教育需求，并确定本科医学教育课程的改进领域。
方法
采用横断面研究评估医学生对前期糖尿病和糖尿病预防的临床前和临床管理知识。参加 2016 年美国医学协会年会的医学生使用移动应用程序或纸质版回答了 6 项知识问卷。按在校医学生的年级、主题领域和调查回复模式报告了全体受访者的分数。
结果
平均每个学生答对的问卷题目不到一半。针对临床前内容的一些项目的分数在三、四年级学生中高于一、二年级学生（p=0.039，效应大小=0.363）。针对临床管理的项目的平均分数在校医学生年级之间没有显著差异，但在评估二甲双胍对生活方式改变计划的有效性的项目中，移动应用程序的回答者中有 41.9%答对，而纸质测试的回答者中有 21.5%答对（p=0.003，效应大小=0.463）。
结论
医学生在前期糖尿病知识问卷上的表现不佳。学生的在校医学生年级对整体表现略有影响，但仅针对某些问题。结果表明，需要改进当前的医学院课程，以提高对前期糖尿病筛查的认识，以及对国家糖尿病预防计划中生活方式改变计划的益处的认识。
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