Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Trends Genet. 2019 Oct;35(10):724-733. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2019.07.002. Epub 2019 Jul 26.
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is co- and post-transcriptionally processed into active ribosomes. This process is dynamically regulated by direct covalent modifications of the polymerase that synthesizes the rRNA, RNA polymerase I (Pol I), and by interactions with cofactors that influence initiation, elongation, and termination activities of Pol I. The rate of transcription elongation by Pol I directly influences processing of nascent rRNA, and changes in Pol I transcription rate result in alternative rRNA processing events that lead to cellular signaling alterations and stress. It is clear that in divergent species, there exists robust organization of nascent rRNA processing events during transcription elongation. This review evaluates the current state of our understanding of the complex relationship between transcription elongation and rRNA processing.
核糖体 RNA（rRNA）通过转录和转录后过程被加工成有活性的核糖体。这一过程受到直接共价修饰 RNA 聚合酶 I（Pol I）的聚合酶以及与影响 Pol I 的起始、延伸和终止活性的辅助因子相互作用的动态调节。Pol I 的转录延伸速度直接影响新生 rRNA 的加工，Pol I 转录速率的变化导致 rRNA 加工事件的替代，从而导致细胞信号改变和应激。显然，在不同的物种中，在转录延伸过程中存在新生 rRNA 加工事件的稳健组织。本综述评价了我们目前对转录延伸和 rRNA 加工之间复杂关系的理解。
