Anderson Laura Jane, Flynn Asher, Drummer Olaf, Gerostamoulos Dimitri, Schumann Jennifer Lucinda
Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, 65 Kavanagh Street, Southbank, Victoria, 3006, Australia.
Criminology, School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2019 Sep;15(3):382-391. doi: 10.1007/s12024-019-00124-3. Epub 2019 Jul 29.
In order to better understand risk factors associated with drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA), this study examined complainant-specific and contextual factors, as well as the toxicological profile of DFSA in Victoria, Australia. Clinical files and toxicological analysis results collected by the Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine (VIFM) for all cases of alleged DFSA in Victoria that occurred between 1st January 2011 - 31st December 2013 were reviewed. Two hundred and four cases of alleged DFSA were identified; complainants were predominately female (93%), and their median age was 26 years (range = 18-54). Self-reported premorbid depression (21.1%) and drug and alcohol abuse (9.8%) were four and two times higher than 12-month prevalence rates in Australia, respectively. All assailants were male, half were known to the complainant and half of alleged assaults occurred in private residences. Most (93.6%) complainants reported voluntary consumption of psychoactive substances prior to the alleged DFSA. Alcohol was the most commonly self-reported substance consumed (n = 164; 64%) and concomitant use of alcohol, prescription and illicit drugs was also commonly self-reported (24%). There were 14 cases that produced a positive toxicology result where the complainant did not report voluntary consumption, which suggests these drugs may have been used covertly to facilitate sexual assault. The results of this study indicate that Females in their mid-20's who exhibit higher rates of mental health concerns represent a sub-group of the Australian population with increased vulnerability to DFSA, which typically occurs in a familiar setting in the context of voluntary alcohol and other substance use.
为了更好地了解与药物辅助性侵犯（DFSA）相关的风险因素，本研究调查了澳大利亚维多利亚州DFSA受害者的个人因素和背景因素，以及DFSA的毒理学特征。回顾了维多利亚法医研究所（VIFM）收集的2011年1月1日至2013年12月31日期间维多利亚州所有DFSA指控案件的临床档案和毒理学分析结果。共识别出204起DFSA指控案件；受害者主要为女性（93%），年龄中位数为26岁（范围为18 - 54岁）。自我报告的病前抑郁症（21.1%）和药物及酒精滥用（9.8%）分别是澳大利亚12个月患病率的4倍和2倍。所有袭击者均为男性，一半为受害者认识的人，一半的指控袭击发生在私人住宅。大多数（93.6%）受害者报告在DFSA指控事件发生前自愿摄入了精神活性物质。酒精是最常自我报告摄入的物质（n = 164；64%），同时自我报告摄入酒精、处方药和非法药物的情况也很常见（24%）。有14例毒理学检测结果呈阳性，但受害者未报告自愿摄入这些药物，这表明这些药物可能被用于暗中协助实施性侵犯。本研究结果表明，心理健康问题发生率较高的25岁左右女性是澳大利亚人群中更容易遭受DFSA的一个亚群体，DFSA通常发生在熟悉的环境中，且与自愿饮酒及其他物质使用有关。
