Mu Mao-Jun, Zhang Di-Gui, Zhang Hua, Yang Min, Guo Dong-Qin, Zhou Nong
the Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Green Cultivation and Deep Processing of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area's Medicinal Herbs, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University Chongqing 404120, China College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University Dali 671000, China.
the Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Green Cultivation and Deep Processing of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area's Medicinal Herbs, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University Chongqing 404120, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2019 Jun;44(11):2231-2235. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190301.013.
In order to reveal the relationship between the amount of soil microorganisms and the quality of Fritillaria taipaiensis, both cultivated and wild F. taipaiensis were collected from Chongqing, Wuxi at different stages of their growth as objects of the research. The mycorrhizal infection rate and colonization intensity, peimisine and total alkaloid content in bulbs, the amount of microorganisms and biomass carbon content in rhizospheric soil were all determined using common methods. The results showed that the typical arbuscular-vesicle roots were formed after the AM fungi infected the F. taipaiensis roots which were collected from different origins. The mycorrhizal infection rates were ranged from 78.74% to 98.68% and the colonization intensities were ranged from 13.29% to 37.06%. The rhizospheric microorganisms of F. taipaiensis showed abundant resources. The distribution rule of them in the rhizospheric soil was as follows: the amount of bacteria>the amount of actinomycetes>the amount of fungi. The rhizospheric bacteria, decomposition inorganic phosphorus bacteria, decomposition organic phosphorus bacteria, actinomycetes amount and the total number of microbes increased first and then decreased with the increase of years, while decomposition potassium bacteria showed decreasing trend and fungi showed gradual increasing trend. The soil microbial flora content in the soil changed from "bacterial type" with a high fertility to "fungal type" with a low fertility. The mass fraction of peimisine and total alkaloid content increased first and then decreased with the increase of over the years, the same trend of culturable rhizosphere soil bacteria and actinomycetes indicated that the growth years affected the quality of soil and medicinal materials on different levels. Therefore, the diversity of microbial communities in rhizosphere soil reduced with the increase of years leading to the continuous cropping obstacles and the destruction of medicinal quality of F. taipaiensis.
为揭示土壤微生物数量与太白贝母品质之间的关系，以采自重庆巫溪不同生长阶段的栽培及野生太白贝母为研究对象，采用常规方法测定了菌根侵染率、定殖强度、鳞茎中贝母辛和总生物碱含量、根际土壤微生物数量及生物量碳含量。结果表明，不同来源的太白贝母根系被AM真菌侵染后形成典型的丛枝-泡囊根，菌根侵染率为78.74%98.68%，定殖强度为13.29%37.06%。太白贝母根际微生物资源丰富，在根际土壤中的分布规律为：细菌数量＞放线菌数量＞真菌数量。根际细菌、解无机磷细菌、解有机磷细菌、放线菌数量及微生物总数随年限增加先增加后减少，解钾细菌呈下降趋势，真菌呈逐渐增加趋势。土壤中微生物区系含量由高肥力的“细菌型”向低肥力的“真菌型”转变。贝母辛质量分数和总生物碱含量随年限增加先增加后减少，可培养根际土壤细菌和放线菌数量变化趋势与之相同，表明生长年限在不同水平上影响土壤及药材品质。因此，根际土壤微生物群落多样性随年限增加而降低，导致连作障碍及太白贝母药材品质下降。
