Rodrigues Ana Cláudia, Gala Sónia, Neves Ângela, Pinto Conceição, Meirelles Cláudia, Frutuoso Cristina, Vítor Maria Elisete
Serviço de Ginecologia/Obstetrícia, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Acta Med Port. 2011 Dec;24 Suppl 2:383-88; quiz 389-92. Epub 2011 Dec 31.
To determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea, limitations in daily living and health care use due to menstrual pain.
Observational transversal study of 274 adolescents and young adults (age ≤ 26) who had menstruated in the six months prior to the study, assisted at a Primary Health Care Center. Data were obtained by a 24-item anonymous questionnaire, which included questions about socio-demographic variables, menstrual cycle, presence, duration, severity, treatment and limitations of dysmenorrhea.
One hundred and seventy-two (62.8%) subjects experienced menstrual pain. Of these, 65.7% reported having limitations in their daily activities due to dysmenorrhea. The prevalence of limitations in daily living was influenced by the presence of additional symptoms (r=0.331; p <0.001), pain intensity (r=0.281; p <0.001) and pain duration (r=0.172; p=0.027). The most commonly mentioned limitation was anxiety/depression (42.5%). Fourteen of the subjects reported missing school or work due to dysmenorrhea. A total of 48 respondents sought medical help and 135 reported using therapeutic measures to ease their pain. The most common treatments reported for pain treatment included NSAID's (38.5%) and oral pills (37.0%). The existence of additional symptoms (r=0.247; p=0.001) and the intensity of pain (r=0.160; p=0.039) led to the search for health care.
Dysmenorrhea is highly prevalent among this sample of adolescents and young adults and is related to absenteeism. Thus, health care providers should regularly screen for dysmenorrhea and offer appropriate treatment.
确定痛经的患病率、因月经疼痛导致的日常生活受限情况及医疗保健利用情况。
对274名青少年和青年（年龄≤26岁）进行横断面观察研究，这些研究对象在研究前六个月内有过月经，且在初级卫生保健中心接受治疗。通过一份包含24个项目的匿名问卷收集数据，问卷内容包括社会人口统计学变量、月经周期、痛经的存在情况、持续时间、严重程度、治疗方法及受限情况等问题。
172名（62.8%）研究对象经历过月经疼痛。其中，65.7%报告称因痛经导致日常活动受限。日常生活受限的患病率受其他症状的存在情况（r=0.331；p<0.001）、疼痛强度（r=0.281；p<0.001）和疼痛持续时间（r=0.172；p=0.027）影响。最常提到的受限情况是焦虑/抑郁（42.5%）。14名研究对象报告因痛经缺课或旷工。共有48名受访者寻求医疗帮助，135名报告使用治疗措施缓解疼痛。报告的最常见疼痛治疗方法包括非甾体类抗炎药（38.5%）和口服避孕药（37.0%）。其他症状的存在情况（r=0.247；p=0.001）和疼痛强度（r=0.160；p=0.039）导致人们寻求医疗保健。
痛经在该青少年和青年样本中非常普遍，且与缺勤有关。因此，医疗保健提供者应定期筛查痛经并提供适当治疗。
