Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2019 Sep;27(9):1404-1417. doi: 10.1002/oby.22511. Epub 2019 Jul 30.
Surgical manipulations of adipose tissue by removal, or partial lipectomy, have demonstrated body fat compensation and recovered body weight, suggesting that the body is able to resist changes to body composition. However, the mechanisms underlying these observations are not well understood. The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an update on what is currently known about the regulation of energetics and body fat after surgical manipulations of adipose tissue in small mammals.
PubMed and Scopus were searched to identify 64 eligible studies. Outcome measures included body fat, body weight, food intake, and circulating biomarkers.
Surgeries performed included lipectomy (72%) or transplantation (12%) in mice (35%), rats (35%), and other small mammals. Findings suggested that lipectomy did not have consistent long-term effects on reducing body weight and fat because regain occurred within 12 to 14 weeks post surgery. Hence, biological feedback mechanisms act to resist long-term changes of body weight or fat. Furthermore, whether this weight and fat regain occurred because of "passive" and "active" regulation under the "set point" or "settling point" theories cannot fully be discerned because of limitations in study designs and data collected.
The regulation of energetics and body fat are complex and dynamic processes that require further studies of the interplay of genetic, physiological, and behavioral factors.
通过去除或部分抽脂等手术操作对脂肪组织进行操作，已经证明了身体脂肪会发生补偿性恢复，体重也会恢复，这表明身体能够抵抗身体成分的变化。然而，这些观察结果背后的机制尚不清楚。本范围综述的目的是提供关于小型哺乳动物的脂肪组织手术操作后能量代谢和体脂调节的最新知识。
在 PubMed 和 Scopus 上进行检索，以确定 64 项符合条件的研究。研究结果包括体脂、体重、食物摄入量和循环生物标志物。
手术包括抽脂（72%）或移植（12%），涉及小鼠（35%）、大鼠（35%）和其他小型哺乳动物。研究结果表明，抽脂术并没有对长期降低体重和脂肪产生一致的影响，因为术后 12 至 14 周内体重和脂肪会恢复。因此，生物反馈机制会抵制体重或脂肪的长期变化。此外，由于研究设计和收集的数据存在局限性，无法完全辨别这种体重和脂肪的恢复是由于“设定点”或“定居点”理论下的“被动”和“主动”调节所致。
能量代谢和体脂的调节是一个复杂和动态的过程，需要进一步研究遗传、生理和行为因素的相互作用。
