Basile Debora, Corvaja Carla, Caccialanza Riccardo, Aprile Giuseppe
Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine.
Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) of Aviano, IRCCS, Aviano.
Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;13(4):279-285. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000455.
Overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer is strongly conditioned by tumor biology and the incidence of malnutrition and metabolic disorders. In this landscape, the assessment of body composition is crucial to properly manage the clinical implications of muscle wasting. The pathogenesis of this condition is the result of a complex interplay between cancer and the host. In particular, sarcopenia is induced by an inadequate nutritional intake, hormonal abnormalities, inflammation and imbalance between anabolic and catabolic pathways.
Recent evidences have highlighted the role of sarcopenia in cancer patients, revealing a prognostic impact on morbidity, mortality and survival.
The occurrence of sarcopenia could amplify chemotherapy-induced toxicities, prolong hospitalizations and reduce adherence to anticancer treatment, worsening quality of life and survival. Although considerable efforts have been made to develop treatment strategies, no effective interventions have been identified so far. Nevertheless, if promptly and adequately supported, pancreatic cancer might benefit from adopted dietary intervention to avoid further loss of lean mass.
胰腺癌患者的总体生存率受到肿瘤生物学以及营养不良和代谢紊乱发生率的强烈影响。在此背景下，身体成分评估对于妥善处理肌肉消耗的临床影响至关重要。这种情况的发病机制是癌症与宿主之间复杂相互作用的结果。特别是，肌肉减少症是由营养摄入不足、激素异常、炎症以及合成代谢和分解代谢途径失衡引起的。
最近的证据突出了肌肉减少症在癌症患者中的作用，揭示了其对发病率、死亡率和生存率的预后影响。
肌肉减少症的发生可能会放大化疗引起的毒性反应，延长住院时间，并降低对抗癌治疗的依从性，从而恶化生活质量和生存率。尽管已经在制定治疗策略方面付出了巨大努力，但迄今为止尚未确定有效的干预措施。然而，如果得到及时和充分的支持，胰腺癌患者可能会从采用的饮食干预中受益，以避免瘦体重进一步流失。
