Sell Timothy C, Lutz Robert H, Faherty Mallory S
Michael W. Krzyzewski Human Performance Laboratory, Duke Sports Sciences Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC.
Davidson College Sports Medicine, Davidson College, Davidson, NC.
Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2019 Sep;27(3):99-106. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000248.
Special Operations Combat Personnel (SOCP) face significant challenges and occupational demands that put them at significant risk for musculoskeletal injury. Musculoskeletal injury leads to lost-duty days, medical disqualification, and compromises operational readiness and mission success. Optimizing human performance and developing injury prevention strategies can position SOCP for success, but human performance optimization is a complex process that demands the integration of multiple disciplines to address a broad range of capabilities necessary for this success. The Warrior Model for Human Performance Optimization outlines a step-by-step approach to human performance optimization embedded within a scientific, evidenced-based approach to injury prevention and performance optimization that includes a step to ensure specificity of training and interventions. This evidence-based approach can insure that SOCP capabilities match the demands of occupation enabling them to successfully execute their occupation tasks without risk of injury. While the focus of this review is on military personnel, the same principles have application to nonmilitary high-performance athletes.
特种作战战斗人员（SOCP）面临着重大挑战和职业需求，这使他们极易遭受肌肉骨骼损伤。肌肉骨骼损伤会导致缺勤天数增加、医疗资格取消，并影响作战准备状态和任务成功率。优化人员表现并制定预防损伤策略可使特种作战战斗人员取得成功，但人员表现优化是一个复杂的过程，需要整合多学科知识，以涵盖取得这一成功所需的广泛能力。“人员表现优化战士模型”概述了一种逐步实现人员表现优化的方法，该方法融入了基于科学、循证的预防损伤和表现优化方法，其中包括确保训练和干预具有针对性的步骤。这种循证方法可确保特种作战战斗人员的能力与职业需求相匹配，使他们能够成功执行职业任务而无受伤风险。虽然本综述的重点是军事人员，但同样的原则也适用于非军事领域的高性能运动员。
