Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Oct;33(10):2846-2859. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003291.
Oranchuk, DJ, Storey, AG, Nelson, AR, and Cronin, JB. The scientific basis for eccentric quasi-isometric resistance training: A narrative review. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2846-2859, 2019-Eccentric quasi-isometric (EQI) resistance training involves holding a submaximal, yielding isometric contraction until fatigue causes muscle lengthening and then maximally resisting through a range of motion. Practitioners contend that EQI contractions are a powerful tool for the development of several physical qualities important to health and sports performance. In addition, several sports involve regular quasi-isometric contractions for optimal performance. Therefore, the primary objective of this review was to synthesize and critically analyze relevant biological, physiological, and biomechanical research and develop a rationale for the value of EQI training. In addition, this review offers potential practical applications and highlights future areas of research. Although there is a paucity of research investigating EQIs, the literature on responses to traditional contraction types is vast. Based on the relevant literature, EQIs may provide a practical means of increasing total volume, metabolite build-up, and hormonal signaling factors while safely enduring large quantities of mechanical tension with low levels of peak torque. Conversely, EQI contractions likely hold little neuromuscular specificity to high velocity or power movements. Therefore, EQI training seems to be effective for improving musculotendinous morphological and performance variables with low injury risk. Although speculative due to the limited specific literature, available evidence suggests a case for future experimentation.
奥朗丘克，DJ，斯托里，AG，纳尔逊，AR，和克罗宁，JB。离心准等长抗阻训练的科学基础：叙事性综述。J 力量与体能研究 33（10）：2846-2859，2019-离心准等长（EQI）抗阻训练涉及保持亚最大的、屈服的等长收缩，直到疲劳导致肌肉拉长，然后通过运动范围最大程度地抵抗。从业者认为，EQI 收缩是发展对健康和运动表现很重要的几种身体素质的有力工具。此外，一些运动涉及定期的准等长收缩以获得最佳表现。因此，本综述的主要目的是综合和批判性地分析相关的生物学、生理学和生物力学研究，并为 EQI 训练的价值提供依据。此外，本综述提供了潜在的实际应用，并强调了未来的研究领域。尽管关于 EQI 的研究很少，但关于传统收缩类型的反应的文献是丰富的。基于相关文献，EQI 可能提供一种实用的方法，在安全承受大量机械张力的同时，增加总容量、代谢物积累和激素信号因子，而峰值扭矩水平较低。相反，EQI 收缩可能对高速或力量运动的神经肌肉特异性较小。因此，EQI 训练似乎可以有效改善肌腱和肌肉形态学和性能变量，同时受伤风险较低。尽管由于具体文献有限，这只是推测，但现有证据表明有理由进行进一步的实验。
