Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Oct 1;138:912-918. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.184. Epub 2019 Jul 27.
Fruit flies (Drosophilidae: Drosophila) are commonly found in daily life and have long been used as model organisms in biology researches. Drosophila mercatorum is one important member of the Drosophila genus and has been used to study centrosome assembly of cells. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of D. mercatorum, finding that it contains the typical structure of 37 genes and a control region. The arrangement of mitochondrial genes is in accordance with that in other Drosophila species, which is considered the ancestral organization of insects' mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analyses were performed based on 23 species of Drosophila. Our results supported two monophyletic subgenera, Drosophila and Sophophora, except for D. willistoni which was presented as an early offshoot of Drosophila. The topology ((D. yakuba + D. erecta) + D. melanogaster) was supported. We further compared the mitogenomes of parthenogenesis and sexual reproduction strains of D. mercatorum. However, only one synonymous mutation in COI gene was identified, indicating mitogenomic evolution is not strongly correlated with the different reproductive modes of this species. Taken together, our results demonstrate that mitogenome is an effective molecular marker that can be further used in phylogenetic studies of Drosophila and other organisms.
果蝇（双翅目：果蝇科）在日常生活中很常见，长期以来一直被用作生物学研究的模式生物。拟暗果蝇是果蝇属的一个重要成员，已被用于研究细胞中心体的组装。在本研究中，我们对拟暗果蝇的线粒体基因组（mitogenome）进行了测序和分析，发现它包含典型的 37 个基因和一个控制区结构。线粒体基因的排列与其他果蝇物种的排列一致，这被认为是昆虫线粒体基因组的祖先组织。基于 23 种果蝇进行了系统发育分析。我们的结果支持了两个单系亚属，果蝇和 Sophophora，除了 D. willistoni 作为果蝇的早期分支。拓扑结构（(D. yakuba+D. erecta)+D. melanogaster）得到了支持。我们进一步比较了拟暗果蝇孤雌生殖和有性生殖品系的线粒体基因组。然而，仅在 COI 基因中发现了一个同义突变，表明线粒体基因组的进化与该物种不同的生殖方式没有很强的相关性。综上所述，我们的结果表明，线粒体基因组是一种有效的分子标记，可以进一步用于果蝇和其他生物的系统发育研究。
