Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, Brazil.
Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, 38500-000, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 30;9(1):11068. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47398-9.
The diversity of fungi allows for their colonisation in different environments, including wood destined for power generation, with an ability to degrade or hinder its use. Torrefaction or pre-carbonisation, a low oxygenation heat treatment with temperatures between 200 and 300 °C, accumulates carbon and lignin, decreases hygroscopicity, increases energy efficiency and reduces the wood attractiveness to xylophagous microorganisms. This work aimed to study the resistance of Eucalyptus urophylla wood chips, submitted to torrefaction temperatures of 180, 220 and 260 °C for 20 minutes, to xylophagous fungi, according to the ASTM D-2017 method (2005). The white rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor and the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were used. After 12 weeks of exposure, the mass losses of wood samples in natura and torrified at 180 °C attacked by Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor was higher. Torrefaction increased the resistance to fungi; the treatment at 260 °C was the most efficient with lower mass losses caused by fungi attacks and, consequently, greater resistance to the fungi tested.
真菌的多样性使其能够在不同的环境中定殖，包括用于发电的木材，同时具有降解或阻碍其使用的能力。干馏或预碳化是一种低氧化的热处理方法，温度在 200 到 300°C 之间，它可以积累碳和木质素，降低吸湿性，提高能源效率，并减少木材对木质纤维素微生物的吸引力。本研究旨在根据 ASTM D-2017 方法（2005 年）研究桉树木屑在 180、220 和 260°C 下经过 20 分钟干馏处理后的抗木质纤维素分解真菌能力。使用的木质纤维素分解真菌包括白腐菌糙皮侧耳、鲍鱼菇和彩绒革盖菌，以及褐腐菌栓菌。在 12 周的暴露期后，天然和在 180°C 下干馏的桉树木屑在被鲍鱼菇和彩绒革盖菌攻击时的质量损失更高。干馏处理提高了真菌的抗性；在 260°C 下的处理效果最佳，真菌攻击造成的质量损失较低，因此对所测试的真菌具有更高的抗性。
