Fulton Kelly M, Baltat Isabel, Twine Susan M
Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Methods Mol Biol. 2019;2024:25-58. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9597-4_2.
The varied landscape of the adaptive immune response is determined by the peptides presented by immune cells, derived from viral or microbial pathogens or cancerous cells. The study of immune biomarkers or antigens is not new, and classical methods such as agglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, or Western blotting have been used for many years to study the immune response to vaccination or disease. However, in many of these traditional techniques, protein or peptide identification has often been the bottleneck. Recent progress in genomics and mass spectrometry have led to many of the rapid advances in proteomics approaches. Immunoproteomics describes a rapidly growing collection of approaches that have the common goal of identifying and measuring antigenic peptides or proteins. This includes gel-based, array-based, mass spectrometry-based, DNA-based, or in silico approaches. Immunoproteomics is yielding an understanding of disease and disease progression, vaccine candidates, and biomarkers. This review gives an overview of immunoproteomics and closely related technologies that are used to define the full set of protein antigens targeted by the immune system during disease.
适应性免疫反应的多样化格局由免疫细胞呈递的肽所决定，这些肽来源于病毒、微生物病原体或癌细胞。免疫生物标志物或抗原的研究并不新鲜，诸如凝集反应、酶联免疫吸附测定或蛋白质印迹法等经典方法多年来一直用于研究对疫苗接种或疾病的免疫反应。然而，在许多这些传统技术中，蛋白质或肽的鉴定常常是瓶颈所在。基因组学和质谱技术的最新进展推动了蛋白质组学方法的诸多快速进步。免疫蛋白质组学描述了一系列快速发展的方法，这些方法的共同目标是鉴定和测量抗原肽或蛋白质。这包括基于凝胶、基于阵列、基于质谱、基于DNA或计算机模拟的方法。免疫蛋白质组学正在让人们了解疾病及疾病进展、候选疫苗和生物标志物。本综述概述了免疫蛋白质组学以及用于定义疾病期间免疫系统靶向的全套蛋白质抗原的密切相关技术。
