促进低收入少数族裔社区小企业对青少年体育活动的支持：一项随机对照试验方案

Promoting Small Business Support of Youth Physical Activity in Low-Income, Minority Neighborhoods: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

作者信息

Suminski Richard Robert, Robson Shannon, Turner Jennie, Plautz Eric

机构信息

Center for Innovative Health Research, Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.

出版信息

JMIR Res Protoc. 2019 Jul 30;8(7):e13141. doi: 10.2196/13141.

DOI:10.2196/13141

PMID:31364602

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6691677/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

An unacceptably high percentage of our nation's low-income, minority youth (age<18 years) are not regularly physically active. One reason for this could be their lack of access to quality youth physical activity opportunities (YPAOs). Our previous research found that small businesses (<500 employees), which represent over 99.64% (27.9/28.0 million businesses in United States) of all employers, are powerful resources for creating and improving YPAOs. In accordance with the socioecological model and established philanthropic principles, we developed an alpha version of an intervention (alpha-i) for increasing small businesses' involvement with YPAOs.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this proposed study are to (1) create a beta version (beta-i) of the intervention and (2) conduct a pilot study of its impact on small business support for YPAOs and YPAO utilization by the youth in low-income, minority neighborhoods.

METHODS

The alpha-i will be refined using information from focus groups and surveys conducted with small business owners and managers, YPAO providers, and parents and guardians of the youths from low-income, predominantly minority neighborhoods. A cluster randomized controlled trial will then be conducted for 1 year to examine the effects of the refined intervention (beta-i) on small business support for YPAOs in 10 low-income, minority neighborhoods. The control group of neighborhoods (n=10) will be provided with a standard practice intervention. The primary outcome for aim 2 will be the percentage of small businesses not supporting YPAOs at baseline that subsequently provide support for YPAOs at follow-up. We also will consider the US dollar equivalent of all types of support (monetary, goods/services, and time) donated for YPAOs by small businesses. In addition, we will examine the impact of the increased small business support for YPAOs on YPAO utilization by the youth.

RESULTS

As of May 1, 2019, all YPAOs and small businesses in the study neighborhoods have been identified, and surveys have begun with these groups. In addition, 9 focus groups were completed, and the data have been transcribed. We anticipate that manuscripts regarding these aspects of the study will be submitted in fall 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed study is significant because it will provide evidence that an easily replicated approach can be used to increase small business support for YPAOs and that this support results in greater use of the YPAOs by youth. A logical next step will be to determine if YPAO changes resulting from increased small business support positively influence youth physical activity levels.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03936582; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03936582.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/13141.

摘要

背景

我国低收入少数族裔青年（年龄<18岁）缺乏规律体育活动的比例高得令人难以接受。原因之一可能是他们难以获得优质的青少年体育活动机会（YPAO）。我们之前的研究发现，小企业（员工人数<500人）占所有雇主的99.64%以上（美国共2790万家企业，此类企业占2790万家中的2790万），是创建和改善YPAO的强大资源。根据社会生态模型和既定的慈善原则，我们开发了一种干预措施的alpha版本（alpha-i），以增加小企业对YPAO的参与度。

目的

本拟议研究的目的是：（1）创建该干预措施的beta版本（beta-i）；（2）开展一项试点研究，考察其对小企业支持YPAO以及低收入少数族裔社区青少年使用YPAO的影响。

方法

将利用与小企业主和经理、YPAO提供者以及来自低收入、主要为少数族裔社区的青少年的父母及监护人进行焦点小组讨论和调查所获得的信息，对alpha-i进行完善。然后将进行为期1年的整群随机对照试验，以考察完善后的干预措施（beta-i）对10个低收入少数族裔社区小企业支持YPAO的影响。对照组社区（n = 10）将接受标准实践干预。目标2的主要结局将是基线时不支持YPAO的小企业中，在随访时转而支持YPAO的企业所占百分比。我们还将考虑小企业为YPAO捐赠的所有类型支持（货币、商品/服务和时间）的美元等价物。此外，我们将考察小企业对YPAO支持增加对青少年使用YPAO的影响。