Babendreier Dirk, Wan Min, Tang Rui, Gu Rui, Tambo Justice, Liu Zhi, Grossrieder Manfred, Kansiime Monica, Wood Anna, Zhang Feng, Romney Dannie
CABI Switzerland, Rue des Grillons 1, CH-2800 Delémont, Switzerland.
MARA-CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Insects. 2019 Jul 30;10(8):226. doi: 10.3390/insects10080226.
The impact and sustainability of two interventions that have been formulated to introduce integrated pest management (IPM) into rice and maize crops in Southwestern China, Laos, and Myanmar between 2011 and 2016, and were assessed at the end of 2017. From 22 rearing facilities established during the interventions, 11 were still producing substantial quantities of biocontrol agents 1.5 years after project support had ended, while seven had stopped operations completely, and four were doing stock rearing only. Through the implementation of biological control-based IPM, slightly higher yields were achieved in maize and rice (4-10%), when compared to control farmers, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, the use of pesticides nearly halved when farmers started using egg-cards as a biological control agent. Support from either public or private institutions was found to be important for ensuring the sustainability of rearing facilities. Many of the suggested IPM measures were not adopted by smallholder farmers, indicating that the positive impacts of the interventions mostly resulted from the application of biological control agents. The following assessment suggests that further promotion of IPM adoption among farmers is needed to upscale the already positive effects of interventions that facilitate reductions in synthetic pesticide use, and the effects on sustainable agricultural production of rice and maize in the target area more generally.
2011年至2016年间，中国西南部、老挝和缅甸制定了两项将综合病虫害管理（IPM）引入水稻和玉米作物的干预措施，并于2017年底进行了评估。在干预期间建立的22个饲养设施中，项目支持结束1.5年后，11个仍在大量生产生物防治剂，7个已完全停止运营，4个仅进行种虫饲养。通过实施基于生物防治的IPM，与对照农户相比，玉米和水稻产量略有提高（4%-10%），但差异无统计学意义。然而，当农户开始使用卵卡作为生物防治剂时，农药使用量几乎减半。发现公共或私人机构的支持对于确保饲养设施的可持续性很重要。许多建议的IPM措施未被小农户采用，这表明干预措施的积极影响主要来自生物防治剂的应用。以下评估表明，需要进一步促进农户采用IPM，以扩大干预措施已有的积极影响，从而更广泛地促进目标地区减少合成农药使用，并对水稻和玉米的可持续农业生产产生影响。
