Cao Dinh Hung, Bautmans Ivan, Beyer Ingo, Onyema Oscar Okwudiri, Liberman Keliane, De Dobbeleer Liza, Renmans Wim, Vander Meeren Sam, Jochmans Kristin, Delaere Andreas, Knoop Veerle, Njemini Rose
1Frailty in Ageing Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
2Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
Immun Ageing. 2019 Jul 25;16:17. doi: 10.1186/s12979-019-0157-8. eCollection 2019.
Ageing is associated with a decline in immune function termed immunosenescence. This process is characterized amongst others by less naive T-cells and more senescent phenotypes, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. Thus far, reports regarding the long-term adaptation effects of exercise on T-cell phenotypes are scant and largely equivocal. These inconsistencies may be due to potential contributors to immunosenescence, particularly cytomegalovirus infection, which is considered a hallmark of T-cell senescence. Therefore, we sought to investigate the impact of cytomegalovirus serostatus on the distribution of peripheral T-cell subsets following long-term exercise in older women.
One hundred women (aged 65 years and above) were randomized to 3 times/weekly training at either intensive strength training (3 × 10 repetitions at 80% of one-repetition maximum, = 31), strength endurance training (2 × 30 repetitions at 40% of one-repetition maximum, = 33), or control (passive stretching exercise, = 36) for 6 weeks. All training sessions were supervised by trained instructors to minimize the risk of injury and to ensure that the participants adhered to the training protocol throughout the entire range of motion. The T-cell percentages and absolute blood counts were determined before and after 6 weeks (24 h-48 h after the last training session) using flow cytometry and a haematology analyser. Cytomegalovirus antibodies were measured in serum using Architect iSystem and cytomegalovirus serostatus was balanced in the three intervention groups. C-reactive protein was measured using immunonephelometry.
We report for the first time that 6 weeks of strength endurance training significantly decreased senescence-prone T-cells along with a small increase in the number of CD8- naive T-cells in blood. The absolute counts of senescent-like T-cells decreased by 44% (from 26.03 ± 35.27 to 14.66 ± 21.36 cells/μL, < 0.01) and by 51% (from 6.55 ± 12.37 to 3.18 ± 6.83 cells/μL, < 0.05) for the CD8+ and CD8- T-cell pools, respectively. Intriguingly, these changes were observed in cytomegalovirus seropositive, but not cytomegalovirus seronegative individuals.
In conclusion, the present study shows that strength endurance training leads to a reduction in circulating senescence-prone T-cells in cytomegalovirus seropositive older women. It remains to be established if monitoring of peripheral senescence-prone T-cells may have utility as cellular biomarkers of immunosenescence.
衰老与免疫功能下降相关，即免疫衰老。这一过程的特征包括幼稚T细胞减少和衰老表型增多，这些与许多年龄相关疾病的发病机制有关。迄今为止，关于运动对T细胞表型的长期适应性影响的报道很少且大多模棱两可。这些不一致可能是由于免疫衰老的潜在因素，特别是巨细胞病毒感染，它被认为是T细胞衰老的标志。因此，我们试图研究巨细胞病毒血清状态对老年女性长期运动后外周T细胞亚群分布的影响。
100名65岁及以上的女性被随机分为三组，分别进行每周3次的训练：高强度力量训练（以一次最大重复量的80%进行3组，每组10次重复，n = 31）、力量耐力训练（以一次最大重复量的40%进行2组，每组30次重复，n = 33）或对照组（被动伸展运动，n = 36），为期6周。所有训练课程均由训练有素的教练监督，以将受伤风险降至最低，并确保参与者在整个运动范围内遵守训练方案。在6周前后（最后一次训练课程后24 - 48小时）使用流式细胞术和血液分析仪测定T细胞百分比和绝对血细胞计数。使用Architect iSystem测定血清中的巨细胞病毒抗体，并使三个干预组的巨细胞病毒血清状态均衡。使用免疫比浊法测量C反应蛋白。
我们首次报告，6周的力量耐力训练显著减少了血液中易于衰老的T细胞，同时CD8幼稚T细胞数量略有增加。CD8 +和CD8 - T细胞库中衰老样T细胞的绝对计数分别下降了44%（从26.03±35.27降至14.66±21.36个细胞/μL，P < 0.01）和51%（从6.55±12.37降至3.18±6.83个细胞/μL，P < 0.05）。有趣的是，这些变化仅在巨细胞病毒血清阳性个体中观察到，而在巨细胞病毒血清阴性个体中未观察到。
总之，本研究表明力量耐力训练可导致巨细胞病毒血清阳性老年女性循环中易于衰老的T细胞减少。外周易于衰老的T细胞监测是否可作为免疫衰老的细胞生物标志物仍有待确定。
