Beigrezaei Sara, Ghiasvand Reza, Feizi Awat, Iraj Bijan
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2019 Jul 5;10:122. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_206_17. eCollection 2019.
Increasing rate of type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence during the recent years has caused concern about significant risks for the public health. Dietary patterns have recently attracted great attention in the evaluation of the relationship between diet and health. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between the major identified dietary patterns and T2D.
In this matched case-control study, 315 individuals (125 newly diagnosed cases and 190 controls); 18-60 years of age were selected. A valid semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary intakes of individuals. Anthropometric characteristics and blood pressure were measured with standard instructions and body mass index and waist to hip ratio were calculated. Factor analysis was used to identify major dietary patterns. The relationship between major food patterns and T2D was assessed by logistic regression analysis.
Two dietary patterns were identified: healthy and Western dietary patterns. The second tertile of the healthy dietary pattern had significantly association with decreased risk of T2D in the crude model (Odds ratios [OR]: 0.51, 95% Confidence interval [CI]: 0.29-0.9; for trend = 0.018), Model II (OR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.27-0.9; for trend = 0.019), and Model III (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.23-1.4 for trend = 0.048). The inverse association of the second tertile of Western dietary pattern score with the T2D was significant in crude (OR: 9.25, 95% CI: 4.95-17.4; for trend <0.001) and multivariable-adjusted model (OR: 16.65, 95% CI: 2.99-92.84; for trend <0001).
Our study found an inverse relationship between adherence of healthy pattern and direct association with Western dietary pattern and the risk of T2D.
近年来，2型糖尿病（T2D）患病率不断上升，引发了对公共健康重大风险的担忧。饮食模式最近在评估饮食与健康关系方面备受关注。在本研究中，我们调查了主要确定的饮食模式与T2D之间的关系。
在这项匹配病例对照研究中，选取了315名年龄在18至60岁之间的个体（125名新诊断病例和190名对照）。使用有效的半定量食物频率问卷收集个体的饮食摄入量。按照标准说明测量人体测量特征和血压，并计算体重指数和腰臀比。采用因子分析确定主要饮食模式。通过逻辑回归分析评估主要食物模式与T2D之间的关系。
确定了两种饮食模式：健康饮食模式和西方饮食模式。在粗模型（比值比[OR]：0.51，95%置信区间[CI]：0.29 - 0.9；趋势P = 0.018）、模型II（OR：0.5，95% CI：0.27 - 0.9；趋势P = 0.019）和模型III（OR：0.56，95% CI：0.23 - 1.4；趋势P = 0.048）中，健康饮食模式的第二个三分位数与T2D风险降低显著相关。西方饮食模式得分的第二个三分位数与T2D的负相关在粗模型（OR：9.25，95% CI：4.95 - 17.4；趋势P < 0.001）和多变量调整模型（OR：16.65，95% CI：2.99 - 92.84；趋势P < 0.001）中显著。
我们的研究发现健康模式的依从性与西方饮食模式和T2D风险之间存在负相关和正相关关系。
