Department of Biology, University of York, YO10 5DD, York, UK.
Plant Cell Environ. 2019 Oct;42(10):2871-2884. doi: 10.1111/pce.13634. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
Circadian clocks provide organisms the ability to synchronize their internal physiological responses with the external environment. This process, termed entrainment, occurs through the perception of internal and external stimuli. As with other organisms, in plants, the perception of light is a critical for the entrainment and sustainment of circadian rhythms. Red, blue, far-red, and UV-B light are perceived by the oscillator through the activity of photoreceptors. Four classes of photoreceptors signal to the oscillator: phytochromes, cryptochromes, UVR8, and LOV-KELCH domain proteins. In most cases, these photoreceptors localize to the nucleus in response to light and can associate to subnuclear structures to initiate downstream signalling. In this review, we will highlight the recent advances made in understanding the mechanisms facilitating the nuclear and subnuclear localization of photoreceptors and the role these subnuclear bodies have in photoreceptor signalling, including to the oscillator. We will also highlight recent progress that has been made in understanding the regulation of the nuclear and subnuclear localization of components of the plant circadian clock.
生物钟使生物体能够将内部生理反应与外部环境同步。这个过程被称为同步，是通过对内部和外部刺激的感知来实现的。与其他生物一样，在植物中，对光的感知对于生物钟的同步和维持至关重要。振荡器通过光感受器感知红光、蓝光、远红光和 UV-B 光。四类光感受器向振荡器发出信号：光敏色素、隐花色素、UVR8 和 LOV-KELCH 结构域蛋白。在大多数情况下，这些光感受器在光的作用下定位于细胞核，并能与亚核结构结合，启动下游信号转导。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍在理解促进光感受器核内和亚核定位的机制方面取得的最新进展，以及这些亚核结构在光感受器信号转导（包括向振荡器）中的作用。我们还将重点介绍在理解植物生物钟组件的核内和亚核定位调节方面取得的最新进展。
