Laboratory of Bioacoustics, Postgraduate Program of Vertebrate Biology and Museum of Natural Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Institute of Geosciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2019 Jul;146(1):656. doi: 10.1121/1.5119125.
Anthropogenic noise is a global pollutant and several studies have identified its impact on wildlife. This research shows how the noise produced by mining affects crickets' acoustic communication. Two passive acoustic monitoring devices (SMII) were installed in a forest fragment located at 500 m from the Brucutu Mine in Brazil. Another two SMII were installed distant 2500 from the mine. The equipment was configured to record from 17:00 to 05:00 h during seven days in April 2013. The authors analyzed the spectral characteristics of acoustic activity of three species of crickets (Anaxipha sp., Gryllus sp., and a Podoscirtinae species) before, during, and after the passing of mine trucks. For comparison the authors analyzed the acoustic characteristics for Anaxipha sp. and Gryllus sp. found in the distant site. Results showed a calling interruption for all the species during truck transit. Gryllus sp. emitted calls with higher maximum frequencies, average power, and larger bandwidth in the site close to the mine. Podoscirtinae species emitted calls with lower minimum frequencies, higher average power, and large bandwidth in the close site. The authors show that insect acoustic behavior varies between areas with different levels of noise. The disruption of this behavior may have negative consequences for their reproductive success.
人为噪声是一种全球性污染物，已有多项研究确定了其对野生动物的影响。本研究展示了采矿业产生的噪声如何影响蟋蟀的声通讯。在巴西布鲁库图矿 500 米处的森林片段中安装了两个被动声学监测设备（SMII）。另外两个 SMII 安装在距离矿山 2500 米处。该设备被配置为在 2013 年 4 月的七天内，从 17:00 到 05:00 记录。作者分析了在矿车经过之前、期间和之后，三种蟋蟀（Anaxipha sp.、Gryllus sp. 和一种 Podoscirtinae 种）的声活动的频谱特征。为了进行比较，作者还分析了在远处地点发现的 Anaxipha sp.和 Gryllus sp.的声学特征。结果表明，所有物种在卡车通过期间都出现了鸣叫中断。在靠近矿山的地点，Gryllus sp.发出的叫声具有更高的最大频率、平均功率和更大的带宽。在靠近地点，Podoscirtinae 种发出的叫声具有更低的最小频率、更高的平均功率和较大的带宽。作者表明，昆虫的声行为在不同噪声水平的区域之间存在差异。这种行为的中断可能对它们的繁殖成功产生负面影响。
