JASCO Applied Sciences, 4464 Markham Street, Victoria, British Columbia, V8Z 7X8, Canada.
Vancouver Fraser Port Authority, 100 The Pointe, 999 Canada Place, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 3T4, Canada.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2019 Jul;146(1):340. doi: 10.1121/1.5116140.
During 2017, the Vancouver Fraser Port Authority's Enhancing Cetacean Habitat and Observation program carried out a two-month voluntary vessel slowdown trial to determine whether slowing to 11 knots was an effective method for reducing underwater radiated vessel noise. The trial was carried out in Haro Strait, British Columbia, in critical habitat of endangered southern resident killer whales. During the trial, vessel noise measurements were collected next to shipping lanes on two hydrophones inside the Haro Strait slowdown zone, while a third hydrophone in Strait of Georgia measured vessels noise outside the slowdown zone. Vessel movements were tracked using the automated identification system (AIS), and vessel pilots logged slowdown participation information for each transit. An automated data processing system analyzed acoustical and AIS data from the three hydrophone stations to calculate radiated noise levels and monopole source levels (SLs) of passing vessels. Comparing measurements of vessels participating in the trial with measurements from control periods before and after the trial showed that slowing down was an effective method for reducing mean broadband SLs for five categories of piloted commercial vessels: containerships (11.5 dB), cruise vessels (10.5 dB), vehicle carriers (9.3 dB), tankers (6.1 dB), and bulkers (5.9 dB).
2017 年期间,温哥华弗雷泽港务局的“增强鲸目动物栖息地和观测计划”开展了为期两个月的自愿船舶减速试验,以确定将航速降至 11 节是否是降低水下辐射船舶噪声的有效方法。该试验在不列颠哥伦比亚省哈里湾进行,这里是濒危的南方居留鲸的关键栖息地。在试验期间,在哈里湾减速区的两个水听器旁边收集了船舶噪声测量值,而在乔治亚海峡的第三个水听器则测量了减速区外的船舶噪声。使用自动识别系统(AIS)跟踪船舶运动,船舶引航员记录了每次过境的减速参与信息。一个自动化数据处理系统分析了来自三个水听器站的声学和 AIS 数据,以计算通过船舶的辐射噪声水平和单极源水平(SL)。将试验期间参与测量的船舶与试验前后的控制期测量值进行比较,结果表明减速是降低五类引航商业船舶平均宽带 SL 的有效方法:集装箱船(11.5dB)、游轮(10.5dB)、载车船(9.3dB)、油轮(6.1dB)和散装货船(5.9dB)。