Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Post Office Box 80.140, 3508TCUtrecht, The Netherlands.
Dev Psychopathol. 2020 Aug;32(3):985-995. doi: 10.1017/S0954579419000920.
Cognitive strategies that adolescents use to cope with negative emotions might show distinct profiles of cognitive emotion regulation strategies, which could be differentially associated with depressive symptoms. In total, 411 Dutch adolescents who had experienced at least one stressful life event that required some coping strategy participated in this study, including 334 nonclinical and 77 clinically depressed adolescents (12-21 years). A person-centered approach with Latent Profile Analysis was used to identify underlying profiles of cognitive emotion regulation based on the adolescents' reports of their use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies when they were confronted with stressful life events. Nine different strategies, five adaptive and four maladaptive, were used as indicators. Four profiles with distinct features were found in the nonclinical sample, as well as in the combined sample of nonclinical and clinically depressed adolescents: Low Regulators, High Regulators, Maladaptive Regulators, and Adaptive Regulators. In both samples, the High Regulators profile was most commonly used, followed by the Adaptive, Maladaptive, and Low Regulators profile. Maladaptive Regulators endorsed higher levels of depressive symptoms relative to Low, High, and Adaptive Regulators. The findings underscore the utility of using a person-centered approach in order to identify patterns of cognitive emotion regulation deficits in psychopathology.
青少年用来应对负面情绪的认知策略可能表现出不同的认知情绪调节策略特征，这些特征可能与抑郁症状存在差异关联。本研究共纳入了 411 名经历过至少一次需要应对策略的生活压力事件的荷兰青少年，其中包括 334 名非临床和 77 名临床抑郁青少年（12-21 岁）。采用潜类分析的个体中心方法，根据青少年在面对生活压力事件时报告的认知情绪调节策略的使用情况，确定认知情绪调节的潜在特征。采用了 9 种不同的策略，5 种适应性和 4 种不良适应性，作为指标。在非临床样本和非临床及临床抑郁青少年的综合样本中都发现了具有不同特征的四个特征明显的特征：低调节者、高调节者、不良调节者和适应性调节者。在两个样本中，高调节者的特征最常见，其次是适应性、不良适应性和低调节者的特征。与低、高和适应性调节者相比，不良调节者报告的抑郁症状水平更高。研究结果强调了使用个体中心方法识别心理病理学中认知情绪调节缺陷模式的效用。
