Novick Daniel, Heller Brett, Zhou Dahua
Nassau University Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 2201 Hempstead Turnpike, East Meadow, NY 11554, USA.
Radiol Case Rep. 2019 Jul 23;14(10):1181-1184. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2019.06.012. eCollection 2019 Oct.
Urachal cyst is a rare condition that is typically asymptomatic and will often have symptomatology that is misdiagnosed or missed. A urachal cyst occurs in 1 out of 5000 live-births, but is only clinically relevant in 1 out of 150,000 of the population often as an incidental finding. The urachus is the embryological remnant of the allantois, which connects the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus, and usually fully obliterates to become the median umbilical ligament. Urachal defects are uncommon and cysts are usually asymptomatic until infection results. An infected cyst may present mimicking a wide range of intra-abdominal and pelvic disorders, and accurate diagnosis is often delayed. Children may present with umbilical discharge; adults often have hematuria. Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound are ideally suited for demonstrating urachal remnant diseases; however, infected urachal cysts commonly display increased echogenicity with ultrasoundsography and thick-walled cystic or mixed attenuation with CT. Drainage and excision of the urachal remnant is the definitive treatment.
脐尿管囊肿是一种罕见的疾病，通常无症状，其症状常被误诊或漏诊。脐尿管囊肿在每5000例活产中出现1例，但在每15万人中只有1例具有临床相关性，通常是偶然发现。脐尿管是尿囊的胚胎残余物，它将膀胱顶部与脐部相连，通常会完全闭塞成为脐正中韧带。脐尿管缺陷并不常见，囊肿通常无症状，直到发生感染。感染的囊肿可能表现出类似多种腹腔和盆腔疾病的症状，准确诊断常常延迟。儿童可能出现脐部渗液；成人常出现血尿。计算机断层扫描（CT）和超声非常适合显示脐尿管残余疾病；然而，感染的脐尿管囊肿在超声检查中通常表现为回声增强，在CT上表现为厚壁囊性或混合性衰减。切除脐尿管残余物是 definitive 治疗方法。 （注：“definitive”在这里结合语境大致可理解为 “决定性的、根治性的” 等意思，但在中文里没有特别完全对应的精准词汇，暂保留英文供参考）
