Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
Psychophysiology. 2019 Nov;56(11):e13438. doi: 10.1111/psyp.13438. Epub 2019 Aug 3.
ERPs reveal the temporal dynamics of emotional processing and are easily assessed in children. Yet, little longitudinal research has examined ERPs sensitive to emotion across development. We aimed to systematically identify timing and spatial distributions of ERPs sensitive to emotion in a longitudinal sample of youth (N = 62) using principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluate stability and change in emotional responses across development. Participants completed an emotional interrupt paradigm in childhood (M = 9.38, SD = 0.42), early adolescence (M = 13.03, SD = 0.24), and midadolescence (M = 15.16, SD = 0.17). ERPs were recorded to unpleasant, pleasant, and neutral images. Participants were instructed to respond to a target while viewing images. Two components sensitive to emotion emerged across development: P300/early late positive potential (LPP) and late LPP. The P300/early LPP component was characterized by an enhanced positivity for unpleasant compared to pleasant and neutral images. The late LPP was enhanced for both unpleasant and pleasant compared to neutral images, and more positive for unpleasant compared to pleasant images. The components showed moderate to strong stability. Overall LPP magnitude decreased from childhood into adolescence. There was a developmental shift in distributions from occipital sites in childhood to centroparietal sites in midadolescence. Results support use of PCA to inform scoring windows and electrode selection. The shift in distribution may reflect developmental focalization in underlying neural circuitry. Future work is needed using multimodal approaches to further understand the relationship between ERPs and changes in neural circuitry across development.
ERP 揭示了情绪处理的时间动态，并且易于在儿童中进行评估。然而，很少有纵向研究考察过跨发展阶段对情绪敏感的 ERP。我们旨在使用主成分分析 (PCA) 系统地识别对情绪敏感的 ERP 的时间和空间分布，这是对青年纵向样本 (N=62) 的研究，并评估情绪反应在整个发展过程中的稳定性和变化。参与者在童年期 (M=9.38, SD=0.42)、青春期早期 (M=13.03, SD=0.24) 和青春期中期 (M=15.16, SD=0.17) 完成了情绪中断范式。记录了对不愉快、愉快和中性图像的 ERP。参与者被指示在观看图像时对目标做出反应。有两个对情绪敏感的成分在整个发展过程中显现出来：P300/早期晚期正波 (LPP) 和晚期 LPP。P300/早期 LPP 成分的特点是与愉快和中性图像相比，不愉快图像的正性增强。晚期 LPP 在不愉快和愉快图像上均增强，与中性图像相比，不愉快图像的正性更强。这些成分表现出中等至强的稳定性。总体 LPP 幅度从童年期到青春期逐渐降低。从童年期到青春期，分布从枕区向中顶区转移。结果支持使用 PCA 来提供评分窗口和电极选择。分布的变化可能反映了潜在神经回路中发育的焦点化。需要使用多模态方法进一步研究 ERPs 与整个发展过程中神经回路变化之间的关系。
