Gupta Resh S, Kujawa Autumn, Vago David R
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Contemplative Neuroscience & Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 3401 West End Ave., Suite 380, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Peabody College #552, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203-5721, USA.
J Psychophysiol. 2021 Oct;35(4):223-236. doi: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000275. Epub 2021 Feb 23.
Threat-related attention bias is thought to contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. Dot-probe studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) have indicated that several early ERP components are modulated by threatening and emotional stimuli in anxious populations, suggesting enhanced allocation of attention to threat and emotion at earlier stages of processing. However, ERP components selected for examination and analysis in these studies vary widely and remain inconsistent. The present study used temporospatial principal component analysis (PCA) to systematically identify ERP components elicited to face pair cues and probes in a dot-probe task in anxious adults. Cue-locked components sensitive to emotion included an early occipital C1 component enhanced for happy versus angry face pair cues and an early parieto-occipital P1 component enhanced for happy versus angry face pair cues. Probe-locked components sensitive to congruency included a parieto-occipital P2 component enhanced for incongruent probes (probes replacing neutral faces) versus congruent probes (probes replacing emotional faces). Split-half correlations indicated that the mean value around the PCA-derived peaks were reliably measured in the ERP waveforms. These results highlight promising neurophysiological markers for attentional bias research that can be extended to designs comparing anxious and healthy comparison groups. Results from a secondary exploratory PCA analysis investigating the effects of emotional face position and analyses on behavioral reaction time data are also presented.
与威胁相关的注意偏向被认为会导致焦虑症的发展和维持。使用事件相关电位（ERP）的点探测研究表明，在焦虑人群中，几种早期ERP成分会受到威胁性和情绪性刺激的调节，这表明在加工的早期阶段，对威胁和情绪的注意力分配增加。然而，这些研究中选择用于检查和分析的ERP成分差异很大且不一致。本研究使用颞空间主成分分析（PCA）系统地识别焦虑成年人在点探测任务中面对面孔对线索和探测刺激时诱发的ERP成分。对情绪敏感的线索锁定成分包括：与愤怒面孔对线索相比，对快乐面孔对线索增强的早期枕叶C1成分，以及与愤怒面孔对线索相比，对快乐面孔对线索增强的早期顶枕叶P1成分。对一致性敏感的探测锁定成分包括：与一致探测刺激（替换情绪面孔的探测刺激）相比，对不一致探测刺激（替换中性面孔的探测刺激）增强的顶枕叶P2成分。分半相关表明，在ERP波形中可以可靠地测量PCA得出的峰值周围的平均值。这些结果突出了用于注意偏向研究的有前景的神经生理标记，这些标记可以扩展到比较焦虑组和健康对照组的设计中。还展示了二次探索性PCA分析的结果，该分析研究了情绪面孔位置的影响以及对行为反应时间数据的分析。
