Trettel Flavia, Di Castro Maria Amalia, Limatola Cristina
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Neuroscience. 2020 Jul 15;439:230-240. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.035. Epub 2019 Jul 31.
In the CNS, chemokines and chemokine receptors are involved in pleiotropic physiological and pathological activities. Several evidences demonstrated that chemokine signaling in the CNS plays key homeostatic roles and, being expressed on neurons, glia and endothelial cells, chemokines mediate the bidirectional cross-talk among parenchymal cells. An efficient communication between neurons and glia is crucial to establish and maintain a healthy brain environment which ensures normal functionality. Glial cells behave as active sensors of environmental changes induced by neuronal activity or detrimental insults, supporting and exerting neuroprotective activities. In this review we summarize the evidence that chemokines (CXCL12, CX3CL1, CXCL16 and CCL2) modulate neuroprotective processes upon different noxious stimuli and participate to orchestrate neurons-microglia-astrocytes action to preserve and limit brain damage. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Honoring Ricardo Miledi - outstanding neuroscientist of XX-XXI centuries.
在中枢神经系统（CNS）中，趋化因子和趋化因子受体参与多种生理和病理活动。多项证据表明，中枢神经系统中的趋化因子信号传导发挥着关键的稳态作用，趋化因子在神经元、神经胶质细胞和内皮细胞上表达，介导实质细胞之间的双向相互作用。神经元与神经胶质细胞之间的有效通讯对于建立和维持健康的脑环境至关重要，而这种环境可确保正常功能。神经胶质细胞作为由神经元活动或有害损伤引起的环境变化的主动传感器，发挥支持和神经保护作用。在本综述中，我们总结了相关证据，即趋化因子（CXCL12、CX3CL1、CXCL16和CCL2）在不同有害刺激下调节神经保护过程，并参与协调神经元-小胶质细胞-星形胶质细胞的作用，以保护和限制脑损伤。本文是名为“纪念里卡多·米莱迪——二十至二十一世纪杰出神经科学家”的特刊的一部分。
