Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O.B. 286, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary; Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O.B. 286, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary; Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, Kálvin tér 9., H-1091 Budapest, Hungary.
Hum Mov Sci. 2019 Oct;67:102503. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2019.102503. Epub 2019 Jul 31.
Previous research indicates that adding auditory effects to a (silent) action can lead to substantial efficiency gains in the performance of the action, while compromising the connection between the motor and the auditory event (e.g., by removing, or by delaying the auditory effects), leads the agent to compensate for the loss of auditory feedback by executing actions in a way which increases the probability of success or enhances feedback in other modalities, thus departing from the optimal action performance. The current study explored how this motor adaptation was affected when the quality of auditory feedback was reduced by contextual factors, while keeping the physical link between the action and auditory effect intact. In two experiments, participants elicited pure tones by pinching a force sensitive resistor (FSR). In some of the conditions action-effect contingency was reduced by intermixing externally initiated tones with the self-induced ones. Pinch-force measurements indicated that action optimization was affected by contextual factors. The influence of auditory context was the most pronounced when the discrimination of self-induced and external tones was made difficult by the similarity and temporal proximity of the self-induced and external tones. In these conditions, tone eliciting actions were more forceful in comparison to conditions in which no external tones were presented, and in comparison to conditions in which the external tones were easily distinguishable from self-induced ones. This suggests that contextual factors can induce similar motor adjustments as manipulating the physical connection between the action and its sensory consequences.
先前的研究表明，为（无声）动作添加听觉效果可以显著提高动作执行的效率，而（通过去除或延迟听觉效果）破坏运动和听觉事件之间的联系，会促使主体通过以增加成功概率或增强其他感觉模态反馈的方式来执行动作，从而偏离最佳动作表现，从而对听觉反馈进行补偿。本研究探讨了当听觉反馈质量因上下文因素而降低时，如何影响这种运动适应，同时保持动作与听觉效果之间的物理联系完好无损。在两个实验中，参与者通过捏压力敏感电阻（FSR）来产生纯音。在某些条件下，通过将外部引发的音调和自主引发的音调和混合，降低了动作-效应的相关性。捏力测量表明，动作优化受到上下文因素的影响。当自主产生的音调和外部音之间的相似性和时间接近度使得自主产生的音调和外部音难以区分时，听觉环境的影响最为明显。在这些条件下，与没有呈现外部音的条件相比，与外部音容易与自主音区分的条件相比，诱发音的动作更有力。这表明上下文因素可以引起类似于操纵动作与其感觉后果之间的物理联系的类似运动调整。
