Calabrò Giovanna Elisa, Tognetto Alessia, Mazzaccara Alfonso, Barbina Donatella, Carbone Pietro, Guerrera Debora, Federici Antonio, Ricciardi Walter, Boccia Stefania
Sezione di Igiene, Istituto di Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia.
Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Italia.
Ig Sanita Pubbl. 2019 Mar-Apr;75(2):105-124.
Nowadays, a strategy to manage the current "omic revolution" is needed in Italy. Actions aimed to improve genetic/omics "literacy" among health professionals and citizens are necessary, based on recommendations outlined in the Italian 2013 Guidelines on genomics in public health, and the 2018 National Plan for the innovation of the health system based on the omic sciences.
In the context of a project funded by the Italian Ministry of Health, a distance-learning course entitled "Genetic and Genomic practices" was developed, targeted at medical professionals (mainly general practitioners). The main objective of the course was to train physicians in the responsible use of omic technologies. The course was structured according to the main models of adult learning theory (Problem-based-learning and case studies) and delivered on the institutional platform of the Italian National Institute of Health for one year, from February 2017 to February 2018, with the endorsement of the Italian Society of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine and the Italian Society of Human Genetics.
In one year, 3,054 participants registered for the course and 53% completed it. About 21% of participants were primary care physicians, 12% were public health physicians and 11% were hospital paediatricians. The most represented age group of participants was 51-65 years and their geographical distribution was 38.5% southern Italy/islands, 36.3% northern Italy and 25.2% central Italy. Pre-test data showed that training needs of primary care physicians was very high.
In the current context, characterized by the "omic revolution", physicians must be able to understand its potential implications for the diagnosis, control and treatment of diseases. It is therefore necessary to work on capacity building of all health professionals involved in various ways in the use of the "omic sciences". Distance-learning training in genetic/genomic practices represents a low-cost, satisfactory and clinically applicable method to improve physicians' knowledge.
如今，意大利需要一种应对当前“组学革命”的策略。根据意大利2013年公共卫生基因组学指南以及2018年基于组学科学的卫生系统创新国家计划中概述的建议，采取旨在提高卫生专业人员和公民的遗传/组学“素养”的行动是必要的。
在意大利卫生部资助的一个项目背景下，开发了一门名为“遗传与基因组实践”的远程学习课程，目标受众为医学专业人员（主要是全科医生）。该课程的主要目标是培训医生负责任地使用组学技术。该课程根据成人学习理论的主要模式（基于问题的学习和案例研究）构建，并于2017年2月至2018年2月在意大利国家卫生研究院的机构平台上提供了一年，得到了意大利卫生与预防医学协会和意大利人类遗传学协会的认可。
一年内，3054名参与者注册了该课程，53%的人完成了课程。约21%的参与者是初级保健医生，12%是公共卫生医生，11%是医院儿科医生。参与者中人数最多的年龄组是51 - 65岁，其地理分布为意大利南部/岛屿占38.5%，意大利北部占36.3%，意大利中部占25.2%。预测试数据表明初级保健医生的培训需求非常高。
在当前以“组学革命”为特征的背景下，医生必须能够理解其对疾病诊断、控制和治疗的潜在影响。因此，有必要对以各种方式参与使用“组学科学”的所有卫生专业人员进行能力建设。遗传/基因组实践的远程学习培训是一种低成本、令人满意且临床适用的提高医生知识水平的方法。
