Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, 510650, Guangzhou, China.
Environ Manage. 2019 Sep;64(3):366-380. doi: 10.1007/s00267-019-01196-1. Epub 2019 Aug 3.
To obtain a general understanding of heavy metal contamination in peri-urban agricultural soils in China, this study investigates the concentrations of eight heavy metals, i.e., Cd, Pb, Zn, As, Cu, Cr, Hg, and Ni, in the peri-urban agricultural soils of 31 provincial capital cities in China. The data were obtained via exhaustive literature searches in both the Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as well as from statistical yearbooks published in China. To evaluate the pollution status of each city and identify a variety of potential sources, various contamination indexes, e.g., the enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (I), and integrated pollution index (IPI), were calculated based on the peri-urban agricultural soil dataset. The results of the analysis of the heavy metal concentrations, EF values and I values showed that the peri-urban agricultural soils were enriched in most heavy metals, and Cd and Hg concentrations greatly exceeded the Chinese Environmental Protection Administration (CEPA) guidelines. The IPI results showed that 15 of the 31 cities, i.e., 48%, exhibited varying extents of heavy metal pollution. Although the mean IPI value for peri-urban agricultural soils in all cities (0.83) was slightly lower than that for urban soil (0.9), the IPI values for peri-urban agricultural soils from 65% of the cities were greater than those for urban soils, indicating that peri-urban agricultural soils are more polluted than urban soils in these large cities. These results are important for guiding future research on heavy metal pollution in peri-urban agricultural soils of presently expanding Chinese cities.
为了全面了解中国城郊农业土壤中的重金属污染状况，本研究调查了中国 31 个省会城市城郊农业土壤中 8 种重金属（Cd、Pb、Zn、As、Cu、Cr、Hg 和 Ni）的浓度。这些数据是通过在 Web of Science 和中国国家知识基础设施（CNKI）中进行全面文献检索以及从中国发布的统计年鉴中获得的。为了评估每个城市的污染状况并识别各种潜在来源，根据城郊农业土壤数据集计算了各种污染指数，如富集因子（EF）、地积累指数（I）和综合污染指数（IPI）。重金属浓度、EF 值和 I 值的分析结果表明，城郊农业土壤中大多数重金属含量丰富，Cd 和 Hg 浓度大大超过了中国环境保护总局（CEPA）的指导值。IPI 结果表明，31 个城市中有 15 个（48%）存在不同程度的重金属污染。尽管所有城市城郊农业土壤的平均 IPI 值（0.83）略低于城市土壤（0.9），但 65%城市的城郊农业土壤的 IPI 值大于城市土壤的 IPI 值，这表明在这些大城市中，城郊农业土壤比城市土壤污染更严重。这些结果对于指导目前中国不断扩张的城市城郊农业土壤重金属污染的未来研究具有重要意义。
