Ostrand Rachel, Ferreira Victor S
Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, #0515, La Jolla, CA 92093-0515, United States.
Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, #0109, La Jolla, CA 92093-0109, United States.
J Mem Lang. 2019 Oct;108. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2019.104037. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
Conversational partners match each other's speech, a process known as . Such alignment can be , when speakers match particular partners' production distributions, or , when speakers match aggregated linguistic statistics across their input. However, partner-specificity has only been assessed in situations where it had clear communicative utility, and non-alignment might cause communicative difficulty. Here, we investigate whether speakers align partner-specifically even without a communicative need, and thus whether the mechanism driving alignment is sensitive to communicative and social factors of the linguistic context. In five experiments, participants interacted with two experimenters, each with unique and systematic syntactic preferences (e.g., Experimenter A only produced double object datives and Experimenter B only produced prepositional datives). Across multiple exposure conditions, participants engaged in partner-independent but not partner-specific alignment. Thus, when partner-specificity does not add communicative utility, speakers align to aggregate, partner-independent statistical distributions, supporting a communicatively-modulated mechanism underlying alignment.
对话伙伴会相互匹配对方的言语，这一过程被称为 。这种匹配可以是 ，即说话者匹配特定伙伴的产出分布，也可以是 ，即说话者匹配其输入中的聚合语言统计数据。然而，特定伙伴性仅在具有明确交际效用的情况下进行了评估，而非匹配可能会导致交际困难。在这里，我们研究说话者是否即使在没有交际需求的情况下也会进行特定伙伴的匹配，从而研究驱动匹配的机制是否对语言语境的交际和社会因素敏感。在五个实验中，参与者与两名实验者互动，每名实验者都有独特且系统的句法偏好（例如，实验者A只使用双宾语与格，实验者B只使用介词与格）。在多种接触条件下，参与者进行了不依赖于伙伴但非特定于伙伴的匹配。因此，当特定伙伴性不增加交际效用时，说话者会匹配聚合的、不依赖于伙伴的统计分布，这支持了一种由交际调节的匹配机制。
