Carreras-De León Rosanna, Pasachnik Stesha A, Gerber Glenn P, Brooks Christopher P, Rupp Ernst, Welch Mark E
Mississippi State University Mississippi State Mississippi USA.
Present address: Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo Santo Domingo Dominican Republic.
Ecol Evol. 2019 Jul 2;9(14):8331-8350. doi: 10.1002/ece3.5414. eCollection 2019 Jul.
is an endemic iguana from Hispaniola Island and is threatened on the IUCN Red List. The main threats are predation by introduced mammals, habitat destruction, and hunting pressure. The present study focused on two nesting sites from Pedernales Province in the Dominican Republic. The hypothesis that natal philopatry influences dispersal and nest-site selection was tested. Monitoring and sampling took place in 2012 and 2013. Polymorphic markers were used to evaluate whether natal philopatry limits dispersal at multiple spatial scales. Ripley's revealed that nests were significantly clustered at multiple scales, when both nesting sites were considered and within each nesting site. This suggests a patchy, nonrandom distribution of nests within nest sites. Hierarchical AMOVA revealed that nest-site aggregations did not explain a significant portion of genetic variation within nesting sites. However, a small but positive correlation between geographic and genetic distance was detected using a Mantel's test. Hence, the relationship between geographic distance and genetic distance among hatchlings within nest sites, while detectable, was not strong enough to have a marked effect on fine-scale genetic structure. Spatial and genetic data combined determined that the nesting sites included nesting females from multiple locations, and the hypothesis of "natal philopatry" was not supported because females nesting in the same cluster were no more closely related to each other than to other females from the same nesting site. These findings imply that nesting aggregations are more likely associated with cryptic habitat variables contributing to optimal nesting conditions.
是一种来自伊斯帕尼奥拉岛的特有鬣蜥，在世界自然保护联盟红色名录中受到威胁。主要威胁包括外来哺乳动物的捕食、栖息地破坏和捕猎压力。本研究聚焦于多米尼加共和国佩德纳莱斯省的两个筑巢地点。对出生后归巢习性影响扩散和筑巢地点选择这一假设进行了检验。监测和采样于2012年和2013年进行。使用多态性标记来评估出生后归巢习性是否在多个空间尺度上限制扩散。里普利函数显示，当考虑两个筑巢地点以及每个筑巢地点内部时，巢穴在多个尺度上显著聚集。这表明巢穴在筑巢地点内呈斑块状、非随机分布。分层方差分析表明，筑巢地点的聚集并不能解释筑巢地点内遗传变异的很大一部分。然而，通过曼特尔检验检测到地理距离和遗传距离之间存在小但为正的相关性。因此，巢穴内幼体之间的地理距离和遗传距离之间的关系虽然可检测到，但不够强，不足以对精细尺度的遗传结构产生显著影响。空间和遗传数据结合表明，筑巢地点包括来自多个地点的筑巢雌性，“出生后归巢习性”的假设未得到支持，因为在同一集群中筑巢的雌性之间的亲缘关系并不比来自同一筑巢地点的其他雌性更密切。这些发现意味着筑巢聚集更可能与有助于形成最佳筑巢条件的隐蔽栖息地变量相关。
