Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
Department of Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Psychophysiology. 2019 Dec;56(12):e13450. doi: 10.1111/psyp.13450. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are aware of the risks of alcohol abuse yet continue risky drinking. Research indicates that dysfunctional decision processes and trait variables such as impulsivity contribute to this awareness-behavior discrepancy. The present study focused on decision-related versus feedback-related processes as potential contributors to decision making in AUD by examining the relationship between decision choices and decision- and feedback-related ERP phenomena in the balloon analogue risk task (BART). N = 39 AUD and n = 35 healthy comparison participants (HC) performed the BART modified for EEG assessment. In each of 100 runs, participants made a series of choices about whether to pump up a virtual balloon, which popped pseudorandomly, ending the run. Alternatively, participants ended the run by pressing a "cash-out" button. Each pump not producing a pop provided .05 €; popping resulted in loss of the run's accumulated gain. Groups made similar choices, though AUD responded more slowly. The decision P3 200-400 ms after decision prompt (balloon) was larger in AUD than in HC, and decision P3 enhancement on high-risk trials predicted choices to pump. Feedback-related negativity (FRN) after loss (relative to cash out) feedback was smaller in AUD than in HC, suggesting indifference to negative feedback. In AUD, high impulsivity was associated with risk-modulated decision P3 but not FRN. Results indicate atypical decision- and feedback-related processes that could contribute to difficulties in engaging with daily challenges effectively.
个体患有酒精使用障碍（AUD），明知酗酒有害，却仍继续冒险饮酒。研究表明，功能失调的决策过程和冲动等特质变量是导致这种意识与行为差异的原因。本研究通过考察气球模拟风险任务（BART）中决策选择与决策和反馈相关 ERP 现象之间的关系，关注决策相关和反馈相关过程，以确定其是否是 AUD 决策的潜在因素。N=39 名 AUD 和 n=35 名健康对照组（HC）参与者完成了经 EEG 评估修改后的 BART。在 100 次运行中的每一次中，参与者都要对是否要给虚拟气球充气做出一系列选择，气球会随机爆开，结束运行。或者，参与者可以通过按下“提现”按钮来结束运行。每次未爆气球都会获得 0.05 欧元；气球爆开则会损失运行的累积收益。两组做出了类似的选择，尽管 AUD 反应较慢。在做出决定后的 200-400 毫秒（气球）做出决定 P3，AUD 中的决定 P3 大于 HC，高风险试验上的决策 P3 增强预测了充气的选择。损失（相对于提现）反馈后的反馈相关负向变化（FRN）在 AUD 中小于 HC，表明对负反馈漠不关心。在 AUD 中，高冲动与风险调节的决策 P3 相关，但与 FRN 无关。结果表明，异常的决策和反馈相关过程可能导致难以有效应对日常挑战。
