School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2019 Aug 2;55(8):433. doi: 10.3390/medicina55080433.
: This study aimed to assess the level of HIV disclosure to children in sub-Saharan Africa as it relates to prevalence of disclosure, barriers, merits and demerits, timing of disclosure, and factors that promote parents and caregivers' decisions to disclose the information. A systematic literature search was performed using the following online databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, to obtain relevant articles on HIV disclosure to children in sub-Saharan Africa. The following search terms were used: "HIV" AND "Disclosure" AND "Sub-Saharan Africa" AND "Children". A total of 18 articles were included in this systematic review. The studies on HIV status disclosure to children in sub-Saharan Africa included a total of 1343 HIV-positive children and 1879 caregiver/child or healthcare worker-child dyads, from the following countries: Ethiopia, South Africa, Ghana, Kenya, Cote d'Ivoire, Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Burkina Faso, and Zambia. The prevalence of HIV disclosure ranged from as low as 9% to 72%. Age was a major factor associated with disclosure. HIV status disclosure to children is quite low in sub-Saharan Africa. This is a result of multiple factors such as parents'/caregivers' fear of the child disclosing status to others, a lack of knowledge on how the disclosure should be made, and the assertion that the children are young and cannot withstand the psychological impact of diagnosis.
本研究旨在评估撒哈拉以南非洲儿童的艾滋病毒披露水平，具体涉及披露的流行率、障碍、优缺点、披露时机以及促进父母和照顾者决定披露信息的因素。通过使用以下在线数据库：PubMed、Google Scholar、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Embase，进行了系统的文献检索，以获取有关撒哈拉以南非洲儿童艾滋病毒披露的相关文章。使用了以下搜索词：“HIV”和“Disclosure”和“Sub-Saharan Africa”和“Children”。共有 18 篇文章纳入本系统评价。关于撒哈拉以南非洲儿童艾滋病毒状况披露的研究共纳入了来自以下国家的 1343 名艾滋病毒阳性儿童和 1879 名照顾者/儿童或医疗保健工作者-儿童对，这些国家是：埃塞俄比亚、南非、加纳、肯尼亚、科特迪瓦、布隆迪、喀麦隆、刚果民主共和国、乌干达、布基纳法索和赞比亚。艾滋病毒披露的流行率从低至 9%到 72%不等。年龄是与披露相关的一个主要因素。在撒哈拉以南非洲，儿童艾滋病毒状况的披露率相当低。这是多种因素的结果，例如父母/照顾者担心孩子会向他人透露状况、缺乏有关如何进行披露的知识，以及断言孩子还小，无法承受诊断带来的心理影响。
