MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
The Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
Dis Model Mech. 2019 Jul 29;12(7):dmm039347. doi: 10.1242/dmm.039347.
The past decade has seen an explosion in the field of disease modelling, in particular the development of organoids. These self-organizing tissues derived from stem cells provide a unique system to examine mechanisms ranging from organ development to homeostasis and disease. Because organoids develop according to intrinsic developmental programmes, the resultant tissue morphology recapitulates organ architecture with remarkable fidelity. Furthermore, the fact that these tissues can be derived from human progenitors allows for the study of uniquely human processes and disorders. This article and accompanying poster highlight the currently available methods, particularly those aimed at modelling human biology, and provide an overview of their capabilities and limitations. We also speculate on possible future technological advances that have the potential for great strides in both disease modelling and future regenerative strategies.
过去十年，疾病建模领域，特别是类器官的发展，取得了突飞猛进的发展。这些源自干细胞的自我组织组织为研究从器官发育到体内平衡和疾病的机制提供了一个独特的系统。由于类器官是根据内在的发育程序发育的，因此产生的组织形态以惊人的准确性再现了器官结构。此外，这些组织可以从人类祖细胞中衍生出来，这使得对独特的人类过程和疾病的研究成为可能。本文和随附的海报重点介绍了目前可用的方法，特别是那些旨在模拟人类生物学的方法，并概述了它们的功能和局限性。我们还推测了未来可能的技术进步，这些进步有可能在疾病建模和未来的再生策略方面取得重大进展。
