Liu H M, Takagaki K, Schmid K
Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI 02906.
J Neurosci Res. 1988 May;20(1):64-72. doi: 10.1002/jnr.490200110.
Human plasma alpha 1-acid glycoprotein or orosomucoid (OR), and its derivatives, prepared by sequential enzymatic cleavage of the carbohydrate units, were tested for their nerve-growth-promoting activities with explants of whole dorsal root ganglia from chick embryos. The results showed that the OR derivatives with terminal galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, or mannose have marked neurite-promoting activities. These preparations at a concentration of 100 micrograms/ml are equivalent to 5% fetal bovine serum (protein concentration 3,000 micrograms/ml) in their ability to elicit extensive neurite outgrowth and collateral branching. The asialo-OR, or ASOR, is the most potent form: its activity is estimated to be 20 times higher than that of transferrin and 100 times over that of fibronectin; it is approximately 1/1,500 that of NGF. The neurite-promoting activity of OR is independent of the non-neuronal cells and their products and can be blocked by a specific antiserum against OR. The mode of action of OR on the in vitro nerve growth is discussed and the pathophysiological significance of this plasma glycoprotein is considered in light of data from recent clinical and pathological studies.
人血浆α1-酸性糖蛋白或类粘蛋白（OR）及其通过对碳水化合物单元进行顺序酶切制备的衍生物，用鸡胚全背根神经节外植体检测其促神经生长活性。结果表明，具有末端半乳糖、N-乙酰葡糖胺或甘露糖的OR衍生物具有显著的促神经突生长活性。这些制剂在100微克/毫升的浓度下，在引发广泛神经突生长和侧支分支的能力方面与5%胎牛血清（蛋白质浓度3000微克/毫升）相当。去唾液酸OR（ASOR）是最有效的形式：其活性估计比转铁蛋白高20倍，比纤连蛋白高100倍；约为神经生长因子（NGF）的1/1500。OR的促神经突生长活性与非神经元细胞及其产物无关，且可被针对OR的特异性抗血清阻断。本文讨论了OR对体外神经生长的作用方式，并根据近期临床和病理研究数据探讨了这种血浆糖蛋白的病理生理意义。
