Wiktor Aleksandra, Borawski Tomasz, Stępień Małgorzata
National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw, Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance
Przegl Epidemiol. 2019;73(2):157-166. doi: 10.32394/pe.73.15.
Evaluation of the epidemiological situation of hepatitis B in Poland in 2017 in relation to previous years.
Analysis was carried out on data on hepatitis B and HBV infections registered in the Epidemiological Interview Registration System (SRWE) kept in NIPH-NIH. Aggregate data published in the annual bulletins “Infectious Diseases and Poisonings in Poland” and “Vaccinations in Poland” were also used.
In 2017, a total of 3,363 cases of hepatitis B were registered, including 29 cases of HBV and HCV co-infections. The number of acute hepatitis B cases was 56, accounting for 1.7% of all hepatitis B cases. The incidence of acute hepatitis B was 0.15 per 100,000 population. In comparison with 2016 there was a slight increase the incidence of acute hepatitis B (In 2016, incidence was 0.13 per 100,000 population and the number of acute hepatitis B was 50). 887 cases of chronic and 2420 of uknown stage hepatitis B were registered (26.4% and 71.9%, respectively) The incidence of chronic or UNK stages was lower by almost 12% than in previous year. As in previous years, incidence varied a lot at level of voivodeships. The highest incidence was recorded in Pomorskie voivodeship (15 per 100,000). Acute, chronic and unknown stage (UNK) hepatitis B were more often detected in men and in urban residents. In most of HBV cases the probable route of transmission were still medical procedures. In 2017, HBV vaccination coverage in children with the third HBV vaccine dose for the first time in many years decreased below the required 95% in the elimination strategy.
Compared to the previous year a similar number of cases of acute hepatitis B was registered. The good epidemiological situation in the area of acute hepatitis B is mainly the result of effective vaccinations of newborns, however, there has been observed a systematic decline in children’s vaccination coverage for several years. Slight annual fluctuations in the number of chronic and UNK cases detected may be related to the number of tests performed in a given year.
评估2017年波兰乙型肝炎的流行病学状况，并与前几年进行对比。
对国家公共卫生研究所-国家卫生研究院的流行病学访谈登记系统（SRWE）中登记的乙型肝炎和乙肝病毒感染数据进行分析。还使用了年度公报《波兰的传染病与中毒》和《波兰的疫苗接种》中公布的汇总数据。
2017年，共登记了3363例乙型肝炎病例，其中包括29例乙肝病毒和丙肝病毒合并感染病例。急性乙型肝炎病例有56例，占所有乙型肝炎病例的1.7%。急性乙型肝炎的发病率为每10万人0.15例。与2016年相比，急性乙型肝炎的发病率略有上升（2016年，发病率为每10万人0.13例，急性乙型肝炎病例数为50例）。登记了887例慢性乙型肝炎病例和2420例未知阶段的乙型肝炎病例（分别占26.4%和71.9%）。慢性或未知阶段的发病率比上一年下降了近12%。与前几年一样，发病率在各省份之间差异很大。发病率最高的是滨海省（每10万人15例）。急性、慢性和未知阶段的乙型肝炎在男性和城市居民中更常被检测到。在大多数乙肝病毒病例中，可能的传播途径仍是医疗程序。2017年，多年来首次出现儿童第三剂乙肝疫苗接种覆盖率降至消除策略要求的95%以下的情况。
与上一年相比，登记的急性乙型肝炎病例数相近。急性乙型肝炎领域良好的流行病学状况主要是新生儿有效接种疫苗的结果，然而，多年来已观察到儿童疫苗接种覆盖率在系统性下降。每年检测到的慢性和未知病例数的轻微波动可能与特定年份进行的检测数量有关。
Zotero 插件