Huang Ping, Lin Furong, Li Bin, Zheng Yongqi
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Tree Cultivation, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
Plants (Basel). 2019 Aug 5;8(8):267. doi: 10.3390/plants8080267.
Gene mutation is a common phenomenon in nature that often leads to phenotype differences, such as the variations in flower color that frequently occur in roses. With the aim of revealing the genomic information and inner mechanisms, the differences in the levels of both transcription and secondary metabolism between a pair of natural rose mutants were investigated by using hybrid RNA-sequencing and metabolite analysis. Metabolite analysis showed that glycosylated derivatives of pelargonidin, e.g., pelargonidin 3,5 diglucoside and pelargonidin 3-glucoside, which were not detected in white flowers ( 'Whilte Mrago Koster'), constituted the major pigments in pink flowers. Conversely, the flavonol contents of petal, such as kaempferol-3-glucoside, quercetin 3-glucoside, and rutin, were higher in white flowers. Hybrid RNA-sequencing obtained a total of 107,280 full-length transcripts in rose petal which were annotated in major databases. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis showed that the expression of genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was significantly different, e.g., , , , , which was verified by qRT-PCR during flowering. Additionally, two transcription factors were found and named and and their expression patterns during flowering were also analyzed. These findings indicate that these genes may be involved in the flower color difference in the rose mutants, and competition between anthocyanin and flavonol biosynthesis is a primary cause of flower color variation, with its regulation reflected by transcriptional and secondary metabolite levels.
基因突变是自然界中常见的现象，常常导致表型差异，比如玫瑰中经常出现的花色变化。为了揭示基因组信息和内在机制，通过混合RNA测序和代谢物分析，研究了一对天然玫瑰突变体在转录水平和次生代谢方面的差异。代谢物分析表明，天竺葵素的糖基化衍生物，如天竺葵素3,5 -二葡萄糖苷和天竺葵素3 -葡萄糖苷，在白色花朵（“White Mrago Koster”）中未检测到，却是粉色花朵中的主要色素。相反，花瓣中的黄酮醇含量，如槲皮素-3 -葡萄糖苷、槲皮素3 -葡萄糖苷和芦丁，在白色花朵中更高。混合RNA测序在玫瑰花瓣中总共获得了107,280条全长转录本，并在主要数据库中进行了注释。差异表达基因（DEG）分析表明，参与类黄酮生物合成途径的基因表达存在显著差异，例如， ， ， ， ，在开花期间通过qRT-PCR得到了验证。此外，发现了两个转录因子并命名为 和 ，还分析了它们在开花期间的表达模式。这些发现表明，这些基因可能与玫瑰突变体的花色差异有关，花青素和黄酮醇生物合成之间的竞争是花色变异的主要原因，其调控通过转录水平和次生代谢物水平反映出来。
