Walzer P D, Powell R D, Yoneda K
Infect Immun. 1979 Jun;24(3):939-47. doi: 10.1128/iai.24.3.939-947.1979.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was produced in eight different strains of mice by the administration of corticosteroids, low (8%)-protein diet, and tetracycline in the drinking water. Heavier degrees of P. carinii infection were most consistently found in C3H/HeN mice; intermediate levels occurred in BALB/c AnN, C57BL/6N, B10.A(2R), AKR/J, and Swiss Webster mice; lighter degrees were found in DBA/2N and DBA/IJ mice. Histopathologically, P. carinii organisms were morphologically indistinguishable from human and rat P. carinii, and elicited a predominantly mononuclear response that was similar among the various mouse strains. The optimal cortisone acetate regimen was 1 mg injected subcutaneously twice weekly. Higher doses shortened the life span of the mice, presumably by inducing overwhelming bacterial infection. This problem occurred not only in different strains of mice, but also in the same strain of mice obtained from different breeders. Thus, cortisonized mice should be useful in the study of experimental P. carinii infection. Success of this model depends on the corticosteroid dose, as well as the strain, source, general health, and preexisting microbial flora of the mice chosen for study.
通过给予皮质类固醇、低蛋白（8%）饮食和饮水中添加四环素，在八种不同品系的小鼠中诱发了卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎。在C3H/HeN小鼠中最常发现较重程度的卡氏肺孢子虫感染；在BALB/c AnN、C57BL/6N、B10.A(2R)、AKR/J和瑞士韦伯斯特小鼠中感染程度中等；在DBA/2N和DBA/IJ小鼠中发现感染程度较轻。组织病理学上，卡氏肺孢子虫在形态上与人和大鼠的卡氏肺孢子虫无法区分，并引发了主要为单核细胞的反应，在各种小鼠品系中相似。最佳的醋酸可的松给药方案是每周皮下注射1毫克，分两次注射。更高的剂量会缩短小鼠的寿命，可能是因为引发了严重的细菌感染。这个问题不仅在不同品系的小鼠中出现，在从不同饲养者处获得的同一品系小鼠中也会出现。因此，用皮质类固醇处理过的小鼠在实验性卡氏肺孢子虫感染的研究中应该是有用的。这个模型的成功取决于皮质类固醇的剂量，以及所选用小鼠的品系、来源、总体健康状况和预先存在的微生物菌群。
