Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff.
J Med Ethics. 2019 Oct;45(10):677-678. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2019-105698. Epub 2019 Aug 8.
Hoping to bring some objectivity to the debate, Ben-Moshe has argued that conscientious objection in medicine should be accommodated based on its concordance with the 'impartial spectator', a metaphor for conscience drawn from the writings of Adam Smith. This response finds fault with this account on two fronts: first, that its claim to objectivity is unsubstantiated; second, that it implicitly relies on moral absolutes, despite claiming that conscience is a social construct, thereby calling its coherence and claims into question. Briefly, a traditional account of conscience is then described, before ending with a related thesis for future discussion.
为了使这场争论更具客观性，本-摩西认为，应该根据医学中的良心反对是否符合“公正的旁观者”来对其进行调整，“公正的旁观者”是一个来自亚当·斯密著作的隐喻，用于指代良心。这种回应在两个方面对这种解释提出了批评：第一，它声称的客观性没有得到证实；第二，尽管它声称良心是一种社会建构，但它隐含地依赖于道德绝对主义，从而对其一致性和主张提出了质疑。简要地描述了传统的良心观念，然后以一个相关的论题作为未来讨论的结束。
