Sundareswaran Shobha, Kizhakool Praveen
Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India.
Indian J Dent Res. 2019 May-Jun;30(3):455-461. doi: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_801_16.
To determine the prevalence and gender distribution of malocclusion in 13-15-year-old adolescents of Dravidian ethnicity, residing in urban and rural areas of Kerala, South India.
A total of 1554 children (779 males, 775 females), from both urban and rural areas were examined in school settings. Survey proforma for personal details and occlusal registration according to Bjork et al. (1964) were used. Chi-square test was used for analysis.
Overall prevalence of malocclusion was 89.9% which included Angle's Class I, Class II (17.6%) and Class III (8%) malocclusions. Other anomalies detected were increased overjet (11.8%), anterior crossbite (27.5%), anterior open bite (1.6%), posterior crossbite (5.1%), scissor bite (4.4%), midline deviation (6.8%), bimaxillary protrusion (BMP-21.3%), crowding (66.6%), spacing (15.3%), rotations (45.4%), ectopic eruptions (11.1%), peg laterals (2.4%) and missing teeth (6.6%). Males showed a higher predilection for increased overjet, deep bite, spacing and missing teeth. Class III, BMP, midline deviations and rotations were found to be more prevalent among the rural group, whereas Class II, increased overjet, deep bite and ectopic eruptions were more prevalent among the urban.
Information regarding the detailed pattern of malocclusion prevalence and the high prevalence of BMP among South Indian population of Kerala may provide a baseline data for planning orthodontic services.
确定居住在印度南部喀拉拉邦城乡地区的达罗毗荼族13 - 15岁青少年错牙合畸形的患病率及性别分布。
在学校环境中对来自城乡地区的1554名儿童（779名男性，775名女性）进行了检查。使用了根据比约克等人（1964年）制定的个人详细信息和咬合登记调查表格。采用卡方检验进行分析。
错牙合畸形的总体患病率为89.9%，其中包括安氏I类、II类（17.6%）和III类（8%）错牙合畸形。检测到的其他异常情况包括覆盖增加（11.8%）、前牙反牙合（27.5%）、前牙开牙合（1.6%）、后牙反牙合（5.1%）、剪刀状咬合（4.4%）、中线偏移（6.8%）、双颌前突（BMP - 21.3%）、牙列拥挤（66.6%）、牙间隙（15.3%）、牙齿扭转（45.4%）、异位萌出（11.1%）、锥形侧切牙（2.4%）和牙齿缺失（6.6%）。男性在覆盖增加、深覆牙合、牙间隙和牙齿缺失方面表现出更高的偏好。III类、BMP、中线偏移和牙齿扭转在农村组中更为普遍，而II类、覆盖增加、深覆牙合和异位萌出在城市组中更为普遍。
关于喀拉拉邦南印度人群错牙合畸形患病率的详细模式以及BMP的高患病率的信息，可能为正畸服务规划提供基线数据。
