Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019 Jul;147:44-58. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.08.001. Epub 2019 Aug 6.
Sequence-specific detection of intracellular RNA is one of the most important approaches to understand life phenomena. However, it is difficult to detect RNA in living cells because of its variety and scarcity. In the last three decades, several chemical probes have been developed for RNA detection in living cells. These probes are composed of DNA or artificial nucleic acid and hybridize with the target RNA in a sequence-specific manner. This hybridization triggers a change of fluorescence or a chemical reaction. In this review, we classify the probes according to the associated fluorogenic mechanism, that is, interaction between fluorophore and quencher, environmental change of fluorophore, and template reaction with/without ligation. In addition, we introduce examples of RNA imaging in living cells.
序列特异性检测细胞内 RNA 是了解生命现象最重要的方法之一。然而，由于 RNA 的多样性和稀缺性，在活细胞中检测 RNA 非常困难。在过去的三十年中，已经开发出了几种用于在活细胞中检测 RNA 的化学探针。这些探针由 DNA 或人工核酸组成，并以序列特异性的方式与靶 RNA 杂交。这种杂交会触发荧光的变化或化学反应。在这篇综述中，我们根据相关的荧光机制对探针进行分类，即荧光团和猝灭剂之间的相互作用、荧光团环境变化和有/无连接的模板反应。此外，我们还介绍了在活细胞中进行 RNA 成像的实例。
