Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Covilhã, Portugal.
Exp Gerontol. 2019 Oct 1;125:110685. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110685. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
To analyze the acute effects of low or high-volume resistance training (RT) on hemodynamic, metabolic and neuromuscular parameters in institutionalized older adults.
Thirty-one subjects (78.9 ± 7.2 years old) performed two RT protocols (low versus high-volume), separated by one-week rest. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentration ([La-]) were evaluated before and immediately after both RT protocols. The seated medicine ball throw (SMBT) was evaluated before and 5 min after both sessions, the countermovement jump (CMJ) height was evaluated before and 6 min after both RT protocols and the absolute handgrip strength (HGS) was evaluated before and 7 min after both RT protocols.
At baseline, no significant differences between RT protocols were found in all variables. After training session, both RT protocols induced significant increases in SBP (low versus high-volume: 5.3% vs 10.7%), DBP (5.9% vs 6.8%), HR (6.8% vs 17.9%) and [La-] (86.1% vs 200.0%). Moreover, the high-volume protocol induced significant decreases in SMBT (-2.5%) and CMJ (-8.3%), whilst the low-volume protocol significantly increased the HGS (3.4%).
Both RT protocols induced significant acute responses on cardiovascular and metabolic parameters, as well as on neuromuscular function in institutionalized older adults. However, a greater acute response after the high-volume RT protocol was found, thus reflecting greater hemodynamic, metabolic and neuromuscular stress than low-volume RT. Moreover, low-volume RT showed an acute increase in general strength.
分析低或高负荷阻力训练（RT）对机构老年人血流动力学、代谢和神经肌肉参数的急性影响。
31 名受试者（78.9±7.2 岁）进行了两种 RT 方案（低与高负荷），间隔一周休息。在两种 RT 方案前后评估收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、心率（HR）和血乳酸浓度([La-])。在两种方案前后评估坐姿药球投掷（SMBT），在两种方案前后 5 分钟评估反跳式纵跳（CMJ）高度，在两种 RT 方案前后 7 分钟评估绝对握力（HGS）。
在基线时，两种 RT 方案在所有变量上均无显著差异。在训练课后，两种 RT 方案均引起 SBP（低与高负荷：5.3%比 10.7%）、DBP（5.9%比 6.8%）、HR（6.8%比 17.9%）和[La-]（86.1%比 200.0%）的显著增加。此外，高负荷方案引起 SMBT（-2.5%）和 CMJ（-8.3%）显著下降，而低负荷方案则显著增加 HGS（3.4%）。
两种 RT 方案均引起机构老年人心血管和代谢参数以及神经肌肉功能的显著急性反应。然而，高负荷 RT 方案的急性反应更大，反映出比低负荷 RT 更大的血液动力学、代谢和神经肌肉应激。此外，低负荷 RT 显示出一般力量的急性增加。
